Staff information

Research Interests

• Aerosol-cloud interactions and their representation in climate models
• Ice nucleation and formation parameterizations
• CFD modeling of atmospheric sampling instruments
• Atmospheric research instrumentation

Education and Credentials

• Ph.D., Atmospheric Sciences, University of Leeds, UK
• M.S., Computational Fluid Dynamics, University of Leeds, UK
• B.E., Mechanical Engineering, Karnataka University, India

Affiliations and Professional Service

• Member, American Geophysical Union
• Member, National Society of Professional Engineers

PNNL Publications

2023

• Humphries R., M. Keywood, J. Ward, J. Harnwell, S. Alexander, A. Klekociuk, and K. Hara, et al. 2023. "Measurement Report: Understanding the seasonal cycle of Southern Ocean aerosols." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 23, no. 6:3749-3777. PNNL-SA-176557. doi:10.5194/acp-23-3749-2023
• Kulkarni G.R., F. Mei, J.E. Shilling, J. Wang, R. Pinto Reveggino, C.J. Flynn, and A. Zelenyuk-Imre, et al. 2023. "Cloud Condensation Nuclei Closure Study Using Airborne Measurements over the Southern Great Plains." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 128, no. 5:Art. No. e2022JD037964. PNNL-SA-178174. doi:10.1029/2022JD037964
• Sanchez K., D. Painemal, M. Brown, E. Crosbie, F. Gallo, J. Hair, and C.A. Hostetler, et al. 2023. "Multi-campaign ship and aircraft observations of marine cloud condensation nuclei, and droplet concentrations." Scientific Data 10. PNNL-SA-178150. doi:10.1038/s41597-023-02372-z
• Vandergrift G.W., N. Lata, S. Mathai, A. Ijaz, Z. Cheng, M.B. Shrivastava, and J. Zhang, et al. 2023. "Case study evaluation of size-resolved molecular composition and phase state of carbonaceous particles in wildfire influenced smoke from the Pacific Northwest." Environmental Science: Atmospheres 3, no. 9:1251-1261. PNNL-SA-180821. doi:10.1039/D3EA00058C

2022

• Burrows S.M., C.S. Mccluskey, G.C. Cornwell, I. Steinke, K. Zhang, B. Zhao, and M. Zawadowicz, et al. 2022. "Ice-nucleating particles that impact clouds and climate: Observational and modeling research needs." Reviews of Geophysics 60, no. 2:Art. No. e2021RG000745. PNNL-SA-165298. doi:10.1029/2021RG000745
• Cheng Z., A.V. Liyu, D. Dexheimer, N. Lata, G.R. Kulkarni, C. Longbottom, and F. Mei, et al. 2022. "An Automated Size and Time-resolved Aerosol Collector Platform Integrated with Environmental Sensors to Study the Vertical Profile of Aerosols." Environmental Science: Atmospheres 2, no. 6:1263-1276. PNNL-SA-175927. doi:10.1039/D2EA00097K
• Fast J.D., D.M. Bell, G.R. Kulkarni, J. Liu, F. Mei, G. Saliba, and J.E. Shilling, et al. 2022. "Using Aircraft Measurements to Characterize Subgrid-Scale Variability of Aerosol Properties Near the Atmospheric Radiation MeasurementSouthern Great Plains Site." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 22, no. 17. PNNL-SA-173155. doi:10.5194/acp-22-11217-2022
• Pease L.F., T. Salsbury, K.K. Anderson, R.M. Underhill, J.E. Flaherty, E. Vlachokostas, and C. Burns, et al. 2022. "Size Dependent Infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 via Respiratory Droplets Spread through Central Ventilation Systems." International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer 132. PNNL-SA-161825. doi:10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2021.105748
• Vlachokostas E., C. Burns, T. Salsbury, R.C. Daniel, D.P. James, J.E. Flaherty, and N. Wang, et al. 2022. "Experimental Evaluation of Respiratory Droplet Spread to Rooms Connected by a Central Ventilation System." Indoor Air 32, no. 1:Art. No. e12940. PNNL-SA-162537. doi:10.1111/ina.12940

2021

• Humphries R., M. Keywood, S. Gribben, I. Mcrobert, J. Ward, P. Selleck, and S. Taylor, et al. 2021. "Southern Ocean latitudinal gradients of Cloud Condensation Nuclei." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21, no. 16:12757-12782. PNNL-SA-158525. doi:10.5194/acp-21-12757-2021
• Kumar A.V., A. Hazra, G. Pandithurai, G.R. Kulkarni, G.M. Mohan, S. Mukherjee, and P.P. Leena, et al. 2021. "Atmospheric ice nucleating particle measurements and parameterization representative for Indian region." Atmospheric Research 253. PNNL-SA-159780. doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2021.105487
• Pease L.F., N. Wang, T. Salsbury, R.M. Underhill, J.E. Flaherty, E. Vlachokostas, and G.R. Kulkarni, et al. 2021. "Investigation of Potential Aerosol Transmission and Infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 through Central Ventilation Systems Building and Environment." Building and Environment 197. PNNL-SA-156558. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.107633

2020

• Kulkarni G.R., N. Hiranuma, O. Mohler, K. Hoehler, S. China, D.J. Cziczo, and P.J. DeMott. 2020. "A new method for operating a continuous-flow diffusion chamber to investigate immersion freezing: assessment and performance study." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 13, no. 12:6631-6643. PNNL-SA-147576. doi:10.5194/amt-13-6631-2020
• Kumar A.V., G. Pandithurai, G.R. Kulkarni, A. Hazra, S.S. Patil, S.D. Dudhambe, and R.D. Patil, et al. 2020. "Atmospheric ice nuclei concentration measurements over a high altitude-station in the Western Ghats, India." Atmospheric Research 235. PNNL-SA-150102. doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2019.104795
• Nade D.R., S.S. Potdar, R.P. Pawar, A. Taori, G.R. Kulkarni, D. Siing, and S.D. Pawar. 2020. "Intra-annual variations of regional total column ozone, aerosol optical depth, and water vapor from ground-based, satellite-based and model-based observations." Atmospheric Research 237. PNNL-SA-152788. doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2020.104860

2019

• Hiranuma N., K. Adachi, D.M. Bell, F. Belosi, H. Beydoun, B. Bhaduri, and H. Bingemer, et al. 2019. "A comprehensive characterization of ice nucleation by three different types of cellulose particles immersed in water." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, no. 7:4823-4849. PNNL-SA-141665. doi:10.5194/acp-19-4823-2019
• Kulkarni G.R. 2019. "Ice nucleation ability of loess from the northwestern United States." PLoS One 14, no. 8:e0220991. PNNL-SA-146589. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0220991
• Rivas-Ubach A., Y. Liu, A.L. Steiner, J. Sardans, M.M. Tfaily, G.R. Kulkarni, and Y. Kim, et al. 2019. "Atmo-ecometabolomics: a novel atmospheric particle chemical characterization methodology for ecological research." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 191, no. 2:Article No. 78. PNNL-SA-118888. doi:10.1007/s10661-019-7205-x

2018

• DeMott P.J., O. Mohler, D.J. Cziczo, N. Hiranuma, M.D. Petters, S.S. Petters, and F. Belosi, et al. 2018. "The Fifth International Workshop on Ice Nucleation phase 2 (FIN-02): laboratory intercomparison of ice nucleation measurements." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 11, no. 11:6231-3257. PNNL-SA-141072. doi:10.5194/amt-11-6231-2018
• Girotto G., S. China, J. Bhandari, K. Gorkowski, B. Scarnatio, T. Capek, and A. Marinoni, et al. 2018. "Fractal-like Tar Ball Aggregates from Wildfire Smoke." Environmental Science & Technology Letters 5, no. 6:360-365. PNNL-SA-132120. doi:10.1021/acs.estlett.8b00229
• Kulkarni G.R. 2018. "Immersion freezing of total ambient aerosols and ice residuals." Atmosphere 9, no. 2:Article No. 55. PNNL-SA-127607. doi:10.3390/atmos9020055

2016

• Garimella S., T.B. Kristensen, K. Ignatius, A. Welti, J. Voigtlander, G.R. Kulkarni, and F. Sagan, et al. 2016. "The SPectrometer for Ice Nuclei (SPIN): an instrument to investigate ice nucleation." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 9, no. 7:2781-2795. PNNL-SA-119306. doi:10.5194/amt-9-2781-2016
• Hiranuma N., O. Mohler, G.R. Kulkarni, M. Schnaiter, S. Vogt, P. Vochezer, and E. Jarvinen, et al. 2016. "Development and characterization of an ice-selecting pumped counterflow virtual impactor (IS-PCVI) to study ice crystal residuals." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 9, no. 8:3817-3836. PNNL-SA-120887. doi:10.5194/amt-9-3817-2016
• Kulkarni G.R., S. China, S. Liu, M.I. Nandasiri, N. Sharma, J.M. Wilson, and A.C. Aiken, et al. 2016. "Ice nucleation activity of diesel soot particles at Cirrus relevant conditions: Effects of hydration, secondary organics coating, hydration, soot morphology, and coagulation." Geophysical Research Letters 43, no. 7:3580-3588. PNNL-SA-113363. doi:10.1002/2016GL068707
• Twohy C.H., G.R. McMeeking, P.J. DeMott, C. McCluskey, T.J. Hill, S.M. Burrows, and G.R. Kulkarni, et al. 2016. "Abundance of fluorescent biological aerosol particles at temperatures conducive to the formation of mixed-phase and cirrus clouds." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16, no. 13:8205-8225. PNNL-SA-115217. doi:10.5194/acp-16-8205-2016

2015

• China S., G.R. Kulkarni, B. Scarnatio, N. Sharma, M.S. Pekour, J.E. Shilling, and J.M. Wilson, et al. 2015. "Morphology Of Diesel Soot Residuals From Supercooled Water Droplets And Ice Crystals: Implications For Optical Properties." Environmental Research Letters 10. PNNL-SA-112661. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/10/11/114010
• Hiranuma N., S. Augustin-Bauditz, H. Bingemer, C. Budke, J. Curtius, A. Danielczok, and K. Diehl, et al. 2015. "A comprehensive laboratory study on the immersion freezing behavior of illite NX particles: a comparison of 17 ice nucleation measurement techniques." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15, no. 5:2489-2518. PNNL-SA-104923. doi:10.5194/acp-15-2489-2015
• Kulkarni G.R., K. Zhang, C. Zhao, M.I. Nandasiri, V. Shutthanandan, X. Liu, and J.D. Fast, et al. 2015. "Ice formation on nitric acid coated dust particles: Laboratory and modeling studies." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 120, no. 15:7682-7698. PNNL-SA-105539. doi:10.1002/2014JD022637
• Kulkarni G.R., M.I. Nandasiri, A. Zelenyuk, J. Beranek, N. Madaan, A. Devaraj, and V. Shutthanandan, et al. 2015. "Effects Of Crystallographic Properties On The Ice Nucleation Properties Of Volcanic Ash Particles." Geophysical Research Letters 42, no. 8:3048-3055. PNNL-SA-109130. doi:10.1002/2015GL063270

2014

• Hiranuma N., M. Paukert, I. Steinke, K. Zhang, G.R. Kulkarni, C. Hoose, and M. Schnaiter, et al. 2014. "A Comprehensive Parameterization of Heterogeneous Ice Nucleation of Dust Surrogate: Laboratory Study with Hematite Particles and Its Application to Atmospheric Models." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 14, no. 23:13145-13158. PNNL-SA-102858. doi:10.5194/acp-14-13145-2014
• Hiranuma N., N. Hoffmann, A. Kiselev, A. Dreyer, K. Zhang, G.R. Kulkarni, and T. Koop, et al. 2014. "Influence of surface morphology on the immersion mode ice nucleation efficiency of hematite particles." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 14, no. 5:2315-2324. PNNL-SA-97693. doi:10.5194/acp-14-2315-2014
• Kulkarni G.R., C.N. Sanders, K. Zhang, X. Liu, and C. Zhao. 2014. "Ice Nucleation of Bare and Sulfuric Acid-coated Mineral Dust Particles and Implication for Cloud Properties." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 119, no. 16:9993-10011. PNNL-SA-94976. doi:10.1002/2014JD021567

2013

• Friedman B., A. Zelenyuk, J. Beranek, G.R. Kulkarni, M.S. Pekour, A.G. Hallar, and I. McCubbin, et al. 2013. "Aerosol measurements at a high-elevation site: composition, size, and cloud condensation nuclei activity." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 13, no. 23:11839-11851. PNNL-SA-91113. doi:10.5194/acp-13-11839-2013

2012

• Anheier N.C., B.D. Cannon, G.R. Kulkarni, J.T. Munley, D.A. Nelson, H. Qiao, and J.R. Phillips. 2012. "Safeguards Verification Measurements using Laser Ablation, Absorbance Ratio Spectrometry in Gaseous Centrifuge Enrichment Plants." In 53rd Annual Meeting of the Institute of Nuclear Materials Management (INMM 53), July 15-19, 2012, Orlando, Florida, 2, 860-869. Deerfield, Illinois:Institute of Nuclear Materials Management. PNNL-SA-89050.
• Baustian K.J., D.J. Cziczo, M.A. Wise, K. Pratt, G.R. Kulkarni, A.G. Hallar, and M.A. Tolbert. 2012. "Importance of aerosol composition, mixing state, and morphology for heterogeneous ice nucleation: A combined field and laboratory approach." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 117. PNNL-SA-87580. doi:10.1029/2011JD016784
• Kulkarni G.R. 2012. "Separating Cloud Forming Nuclei from Interstitial Aerosol." In Atmospheric Aerosols - Regional Characteristics - Chemistry and Physics. Manhattan, New York:InTech. PNNL-SA-88821.
• Kulkarni G.R., J. Fan, J.M. Comstock, X. Liu, and M. Ovchinnikov. 2012. "Laboratory Measurements and Model Sensitivity Studies of Dust Deposition Ice Nucleation." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12, no. 16:7295-7308. PNNL-SA-83107. doi:10.5194/acp-12-7295-2012

2011

• Friedman B.J., G.R. Kulkarni, J. Beranek, A. Zelenyuk, J.A. Thornton, and D.J. Cziczo. 2011. "Ice Nucleation and Droplet Formation by Bare and Coated Black Carbon Particles." Journal of Geophysical Research. D. (Atmospheres) 116. PNNL-SA-79084. doi:10.1029/2011jd015999
• Friedman B.J., G.R. Kulkarni, J. Beranek, A. Zelenyuk, J.A. Thornton, and D.J. Cziczo. 2011. "Ice Nucleation and Droplet Formation by Bare and Coated Soot Particles." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 116, no. D17:Article No. D17203. PNNL-SA-82777. doi:10.1029/2011JD015999
• Kulkarni G.R., M.S. Pekour, A. Afchine, D.M. Murphy, and D.J. Cziczo. 2011. "Comparison of experimental and numerical studies of the performance characteristics of a pumped counterflow virtual impactor." Aerosol Science and Technology 45, no. 3:382-392. PNNL-SA-69934. doi:10.1080/02786826.2010.539291

2010

• Kulkarni G.R., and S. Dobbie. 2010. "Ice nucleation properties of mineral dust particles: Determination of onset RHi, IN active fraction, nucleation time-lag, and the effect of active sites on contact angles." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 10, no. 1:95-105. PNNL-SA-65434. doi:10.5194/acp-10-95-2010

2009

• Kulkarni G.R., S. Dobbie, and J. McQuaid. 2009. "A new thermal gradient ice nucleation diffusion chamber instrument: design, development and first results using Saharan mineral dust." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 2, no. 1:221-229. PNNL-SA-65700. doi:10.5194/amt-2-221-2009