Search PNNL

• PNNL Home
• About
• Research
• Publications
• Jobs
• News
• Contacts

Staff information

Herbert Schaef

Geochemistry
Scientist
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
PO Box 999
MSIN: K6-81
Richland, WA 99352
509/371-7102
Send Email

PNNL Publications

2013

• Miller QRS, CJ Thompson, JS Loring, CF Windisch, Jr, ME Bowden, DW Hoyt, JZ Hu, BW Arey, KM Rosso, and HT Schaef. 2013. "Insights into Silicate Carbonation Processes in Water-Bearing Supercritical CO2 Fluids." International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 15:104-118.  doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2013.02.005
• Rother G, ES Ilton, D Wallacher, T Hauss, HT Schaef, O Qafoku, KM Rosso, AR Felmy, E Krukowski, AG Stack, N Grimm, and RJ Bodnar. 2013. "CO2 Sorption to Subsingle Hydration Layer Montmorillonite Clay Studied by Excess Sorption and Neutron Diffraction Measurements." Environmental Science & Technology 47(1):205-211.  doi:10.1021/es301382y
• Schaef HT, BP McGrail, JS Loring, ME Bowden, BW Arey, and KM Rosso. 2013. "Forsterite [Mg2SiO4)] Carbonation in Wet Supercritical CO2: An in situ High Pressure X-Ray Diffraction Study." Environmental Science & Technology 47(1):174-181.  doi:10.1021/es301126f
• Wang Z, AR Felmy, CJ Thompson, JS Loring, AG Joly, KM Rosso, HT Schaef, and DA Dixon. 2013. "Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Investigation of Water in Supercritical CO2 and the Effect of CaCl2." Fluid Phase Equilibria 338:155-163.  doi:10.1016/j.fluid.2012.11.012

2012

• Glezakou VA, BP McGrail, and HT Schaef. 2012. "Molecular interactions of SO2 with carbonate minerals under co-sequestration conditions: a combined experimental and theoretical study." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 92:265-274.  doi:10.1016/j.gca.2012.06.015
• Windisch CF, Jr, HT Schaef, PF Martin, AT Owen, and BP McGrail. 2012. "Following 18O uptake in scCO2-H2O mixtures with Raman spectroscopy." Spectrochimica Acta. Part A, Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy 94:186-191.  doi:10.1016/j.saa.2012.03.065
• Felmy AR, O Qafoku, BW Arey, JZ Hu, MY Hu, HT Schaef, ES Ilton, NJ Hess, CI Pearce, J Feng, and KM Rosso. 2012. "Reaction of Water-Saturated Supercritical CO2 with Forsterite: Evidence for Magnesite Formation at Low Temperatures." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 91:271-282.  doi:10.1016/j.gca.2012.05.026
• Ilton ES, HT Schaef, O Qafoku, KM Rosso, and AR Felmy. 2012. "In Situ X-Ray Diffraction Study of Na+ Saturated Montmorillonite Exposed to Variably Wet Super Critical CO2." Environmental Science & Technology 46(7):4241-4248.  doi:10.1021/es300234v
• Loring JS, CJ Thompson, C Zhang, Z Wang, HT Schaef, and KM Rosso. 2012. "In Situ Infrared Spectroscopic Study of Brucite Carbonation in Dry to Water-Saturated Supercritical Carbon Dioxide." The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 116(19):4768-4777.  doi:10.1021/jp210020t
• Loring JS, HT Schaef, RVF Turcu, CJ Thompson, QRS Miller, PF Martin, JZ Hu, DW Hoyt, O Qafoku, ES Ilton, AR Felmy, and KM Rosso. 2012. "In Situ Molecular Spectroscopic Evidence for CO2 Intercalation into Montmorillonite in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide." Langmuir 28(18):7125-7128.  doi:10.1021/la301136w
• Schaef HT, ES Ilton, O Qafoku, PF Martin, AR Felmy, and KM Rosso. 2012. "In situ XRD Study of Ca2+ Saturated Montmorillonite (STX-1) Exposed to Anhydrous and Wet Supercritical Carbon Dioxide." International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 6(1):220-229.  doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2011.11.001
• Windisch CF, Jr, VA Glezakou, PF Martin, BP McGrail, and HT Schaef. 2012. "Raman Spectrum of Supercritical C18O2 and Re-Evaluation of the Fermi Resonance." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. PCCP 14(8):2560-2566.  doi:10.1039/c1cp22349f

2011

• Schaef HT, BP McGrail, and AT Owen. 2011. " Basalt Reactivity Variability with Reservoir Depth in Supercritical CO2 and Aqueous Phases." Energy Procedia 4:4977-4984 .  doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2011.02.468
• Rai D, M Yui, HT Schaef, and A Kitamura. 2011. "Thermodynamic Model for SnO2(cr) and SnO2(am) Solubility in the Aqueous Na+-H+ -OH- -Cl- -H2O System." Journal of Solution Chemistry 40(7):1155-1172.  doi:10.1007/s10953-011-9723-1
• Loring JS, CJ Thompson, Z Wang, AG Joly, DS Sklarew, HT Schaef, ES Ilton, KM Rosso, and AR Felmy. 2011. "In Situ Infrared Spectroscopic Study of Forsterite Carbonation in Wet Supercritical CO2." Environmental Science & Technology 45(14):6204-6210.  doi:10.1021/es201284e
• Schaef HT, CF Windisch, Jr, BP McGrail, PF Martin, and KM Rosso. 2011. "Brucite [Mg(OH2)] Carbonation in Wet Supercritical CO2: An in situ High Pressure X-Ray Diffraction Study." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 75(1):7458-7471.  doi:10.1016/j.gca.2011.09.029
• White MD, BP McGrail, HT Schaef, JZ Hu, DW Hoyt, AR Felmy, KM Rosso, and SK Wurstner. 2011. "Multiphase Sequestration Geochemistry: Model for Mineral Carbonation." Energy Procedia 4:5009-5016.  doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2011.02.472

2010

• Schaef HT, BP McGrail, and AT Owen. 2010. "Carbonate Mineralization of Volcanic Province Basalts." International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control 4(2 ):249-261. 
• Rai D, M Yui, HT Schaef, and A Kitamura. 2010. "Thermodynamic Model for BiPO4(cr) and Bi(OH)3(am) Solubility in the Aqueous Na+-H+-H2PO- 4 -HPO2- 4 -PO3- 4 -OH--Cl--H2O System ." Journal of Solution Chemistry 39(7):999-1019.  doi:10.1007/s10953-010-9561-6
• Cantrell KJ, KM Krupka, KN Geiszler, BW Arey, and HT Schaef. 2010. Hanford Site Tank 241-C-108 Residual Waste Contaminant Release Models and Supporting Data . PNNL-19425, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Krupka KM, KJ Cantrell, HT Schaef, BW Arey, SM Heald, WJ Deutsch, and MJ Lindberg. 2010. "Characterizing Solids in Residual Wastes from Single-Shell Tanks at the Hanford Site." Radwaste Solutions 17(2):64-75. 

2009

• Schaef HT, and BP McGrail. 2009. "Dissolution of Columbia River Basalt Under Mildly Acidic Conditions as a Function of Temperature: Experimental Results Relevant to the Geological Sequestration of Carbon Dioxide." Applied Geochemistry 24(5):980-987. 
• Schaef HT, BP McGrail, and AT Owen. 2009. "Basalt-CO2-H2O Interactions and Variability in Carbonate Mineralization Rates." In Energy Procedia, 9th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies , vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 4899-4906.  Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands. 
• Krupka KM, KJ Cantrell, HT Schaef, BW Arey, SM Heald, WJ Deutsch, and MJ Lindberg. 2009. "Characterization of Solids in Residual Wastes from Single-Shell Tanks at the Hanford Site, Washington, USA - 9277." In WM2009 Waste Management for the Nuclear Renaissance, March 1-5, 2009, Phoenix, Arizona.  WM Symposia Inc., Tempe , AZ. 
• McGrail BP, HT Schaef, VA Glezakou, LX Dang, and AT Owen. 2009. "Water Reactivity in the Liquid and Supercritical CO2 Phase: Has Half the Story Been Neglected?" Energy Procedia 1(1):3415-3419.  doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2009.02.131
• Valenta MM, KN Geiszler, BN Bjornstad, HT Schaef, and CF Brown. 2009. Tier II Analysis of Vadose Zone Sediments from UPRS 200-E-81 and 200-E-86. PNNL-18383, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 

2008

• Brown CF, RJ Serne, HT Schaef, BA Williams, MM Valenta, VL Legore, MJ Lindberg, KN Geiszler, SR Baum, IV Kutnyakov, TS Vickerman, and RE Clayton. 2008. Investigation of Accelerated Casing Corrosion in Two Wells at Waste Management Area A-AX. PNNL-15141 Rev. 1, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Cantrell KJ, KM Krupka, KN Geiszler, MJ Lindberg, BW Arey, and HT Schaef. 2008. Hanford Tank 241-S-112 Residual Waste Composition and Leach Test Data. PNNL-17593, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Cantrell KJ, KM Krupka, WJ Deutsch, MJ Lindberg, HT Schaef, KN Geiszler, and BW Arey. 2008. Hanford Tank 241-C-103 Residual Waste Contaminant Release Models and Supporting Data. PNNL-16738, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Lindenmeier CW, RJ Serne, BN Bjornstad, GW Gee, HT Schaef, DC Lanigan, MJ Lindberg, RE Clayton, VL Legore, IV Kutnyakov, SR Baum, KN Geiszler, CF Brown, MM Valenta, TS Vickerman, and LJ Royack. 2008. Characterization of Vadose Zone Sediment: RCRA Borehole 299-E33-338 Located Near the B-BX-BY Waste Management Area. PNNL-14121 Rev. 1, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Long PE, SK Wurstner, EC Sullivan, HT Schaef, and DJ Bradley. 2008. Preliminary Geospatial Analysis of Arctic Ocean Hydrocarbon Resources. PNNL-17922, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Serne RJ, BN Bjornstad, DG Horton, DC Lanigan, HT Schaef, CW Lindenmeier, MJ Lindberg, RE Clayton, VL Legore, KN Geiszler, SR Baum, MM Valenta, IV Kutnyakov, TS Vickerman, RD Orr, and CF Brown. 2008. Characterization of Vadose Zone Sediments Below the T Tank Farm: Boreholes C4104, C4105, 299-W10-196, and RCRA Borehole 299-W11-39. PNNL-14849 Rev. 1, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Serne RJ, BN Bjornstad, GW Gee, HT Schaef, DC Lanigan, G mccain, CW Lindenmeier, RD Orr, VL Legore, RE Clayton, MJ Lindberg, IV Kutynakov, SR Baum, KN Geiszler, MM Valenta, TS Vickerman, and LJ Royack. 2008. Characterization of Vadose Zone Sediment: Borehole 299-E33-46 Near B 110 in the B BX-BY Waste Management Area. PNNL-14119 Rev. 1, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Serne RJ, BN Bjornstad, HT Schaef, BA Williams, DC Lanigan, DG Horton, RE Clayton, AV Mitroshkov, VL Legore, MJ O'Hara, CF Brown, KE Parker, IV Kutnyakov, JN Serne, GV Last, SC Smith, CW Lindenmeier, JM Zachara, and DS Burke. 2008. Characterization of Vadose Zone Sediment: Uncontaminated RCRA Borehole Core Samples and Composite Samples. PNNL-13757-1 Rev. 1, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Serne RJ, GV Last, HT Schaef, DC Lanigan, CW Lindenmeier, CC Ainsworth, RE Clayton, VL Legore, MJ O'Hara, CF Brown, RD Orr, IV Kutnyakov, TC Wilson, KB Wagnon, BA Williams, and DS Burke. 2008. Characterization of Vadose Zone Sediment: Borehole 41-09-39 in the S-SX Waste Management Area . PNNL-13757-3 Rev. 1, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Serne RJ, GV Last, HT Schaef, DC Lanigan, CW Lindenmeier, CC Ainsworth, RE Clayton, VL Legore, MJ O'Hara, CF Brown, RD Orr, IV Kutnyakov, TC Wilson, KB Wagnon, BA Williams, and DS Burke. 2008. Characterization of Vadose Zone Sediment: Slant Borehole SX-108 in the S-SX Waste Management Area . PNNL 13757-4 Rev. 1, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Serne RJ, GV Last, GW Gee, HT Schaef, DC Lanigan, CW Lindenmeier, MJ Lindberg, RE Clayton, VL Legore, RD Orr, IV Kutnyakov, SR Baum, KN Geiszler, CF Brown, MM Valenta, and TS Vickerman. 2008. Characterization of Vadose Zone Sediment: Borehole 299-E33-45 Near BX-102 in the B-BX-BY Waste Management Area. PNNL-14083 Rev. 1, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Thallapally PK, BP McGrail, SJ Dalgarno, HT Schaef, J Tian, and JL Atwood. 2008. "Gas-Induced Transformation and Expansion of a Non-Porous Organic Solid." Nature Materials 7(2):146-150.  doi:10.1038/nmat2097

2007

• Deutsch WJ, KM Krupka, MJ Lindberg, KJ Cantrell, CF Brown, and HT Schaef. 2007. Hanford Tanks 241-C-203 and 241 C 204: Residual Waste Contaminant Release Model and Supporting Data. PNNL-14903 Rev. 1, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Deutsch WJ, KM Krupka, MJ Lindberg, KJ Cantrell, CF Brown, and HT Schaef. 2007. Hanford Tank 241-C-106: Residual Waste Contaminant Release Model and Supporting Data. PNNL-15187 Rev. 1, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Deutsch WJ, KM Krupka, MJ Lindberg, KJ Cantrell, CF Brown, SV Mattigod, HT Schaef, and BW Arey. 2007. Hanford Tanks 241-C-202 and 241-C-203 Residual Waste Contaminant Release Models and Supporting Data. PNNL-16229, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Krupka KM, WJ Deutsch, HT Schaef, BW Arey, SM Heald, MJ Lindberg, and KJ Cantrell. 2007. "Characterization of Solids in Residual Wastes from Underground Storage Tanks at the Hanford Site, Washington, U.S.A." In 30th International Symposium on Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management, Boston, November 27 - December 1, 2006. Materials Research Society Symposium Proceedings, vol. 985, ed. D.E. Dunn, C. Poinssot, and B. Begg, pp. 473-482.  Materials Research Society, Warrendale, PA. 
• McGrail BP, HT Schaef, MD White, T Zhu, AS Kulkarni, RB Hunter, SL Patil, AT Owen, and PF Martin. 2007. Using Carbon Dioxide to Enhance Recovery of Methane from Gas Hydrate Reservoirs: Final Summary Report. PNNL-17035, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• McGrail BP, S Ahmed, HT Schaef, AT Owen, PPNNL Martin, and T Zhu. 2007. "Gas Hydrate Property Measurements in Porous Sediments With Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy." Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth 112(B05202):, doi:10.1029/2005JB004084
• Serne RJ, MJ Lindberg, TE Jones, HT Schaef, and KM Krupka. 2007. Laboratory-Scale Bismuth Phosphate Extraction Process Simulation To Track Fate of Fission Products. PNNL-14120, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 

2006

• Deutsch WJ, KM Krupka, MJ Lindberg, KJ Cantrell, CF Brown, and HT Schaef. 2006. Hanford Tank 241-C-106: Impact of Cement Reactions on Release of Contaminants from Residual Waste. PNNL-15544, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Krupka KM, CF Brown, HT Schaef, SM Heald, MM Valenta, and BW Arey. 2006. "Rhenium Uptake, as Analogue for Tc-99, by Steel Corrosion Products." In Proceedings of the 11th International High-Level Radioactive Waste Management Conference (IHLRWM), April 30 - May 4, 2006, Las Vegas, Nevada, ed. B. Sagar (Technical Program Chair), pp. 905-912.  American Nuclear Society, La Grange Park, IL. 
• Krupka KM, HT Schaef, BW Arey, SM Heald, WJ Deutsch, MJ Lindberg, and KJ Cantrell. 2006. "Residual Waste from Hanford Tanks 241-C-203 and 241-C-204. I. Solids Characterization." Environmental Science and Technology 40(12):3749-3754, and sup. info. file. 
• McGrail BP, HT Schaef, AM Ho, YJ Chien, JJ Dooley, and CL Davidson. 2006. "Potential for Carbon Dioxide Sequestration in Flood Basalts." Journal of Geophysical Research. Solid Earth 111(B12):Art. No. B12201. 
• Pierce EM, BP McGrail, LM Bagaasen, EA Rodriguez, DM Wellman, KN Geiszler, SR Baum, LR Reed, JV Crum, and HT Schaef. 2006. Laboratory Testing of Bulk Vitrified Low-Activity Waste Forms to Support the 2005 Integrated Disposal Facility Performance Assessment. PNNL-15126 Rev. 2, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• White MD, BP McGrail, HT Schaef, and DH Bacon. 2006. "Numerically Simulating Carbonate Mineralization of Basalt with Injection of Carbon Dioxide into Deep Saline Formations." In Proceedings of the XVI International Conference on Computational Methods in Water Resources (CMWR XVI), June 19-22 2006, Copenhagen, Denmark.  Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.  doi:10.4122/1.1000000368

2005

• Ainsworth CC, JM Zachara, KB Wagnon, SG McKinley, C Liu, SC Smith, HT Schaef, and PL Gassman. 2005. "Impact of Highly Basic Solutions on Sorption of Cs+ to Subsurface Sediments from the Hanford Site, USA." Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 69(20):4787-4800. 
• Brown CF, RJ Serne, HT Schaef, BA Williams, MM Valenta, VL LeGore, MJ Lindberg, KN Geiszler, SR Baum, IV Kutnyakov, TS Vickerman, and RE Clayton. 2005. Investigation of Accelerated Casing Corrosion in Two Wells at Waste Management Area A-AX. PNNL-15141, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Deutsch WJ, KM Krupka, KJ Cantrell, CF Brown, MJ Lindberg, HT Schaef, SM Heald, BW Arey, and RK Kukkadapu. 2005. Advances in Geochemical Testing of Key Contaminants in Residual Hanford Tank Waste . PNNL-15372, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Deutsch WJ, KM Krupka, MJ Lindberg, KJ Cantrell, CF Brown, and HT Schaef. 2005. Hanford Tank 241-C-106: Residual Waste Contaminant Release Model and Supporting Data . PNNL-15187, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Kim DS, CZ Soderquist, JP Icenhower, BP McGrail, RD Scheele, BK McNamara, LM Bagaasen, MJ Schweiger, JV Crum, JD Yeager, J Matyas, LP Darnell, HT Schaef, AT Owen, AE Kozelisky, LA Snow, and MJ Steele. 2005. Tc Reductant Chemistry and Crucible Melting Studies with Simulated Hanford Low-Activity Waste. PNNL-15131, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Pierce EM, BP McGrail, LM Bagaasen, EA Rodriguez, DM Wellman, KN Geiszler, SR Baum, LR Reed, JV Crum, and HT Schaef. 2005. Laboratory Testing of Bulk Vitrified Low-Activity Waste Forms to Support the 2005 Integrated Disposal Facility Performance Assessment. PNNL-15126, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Pierce EM, BP McGrail, LM Bagaasen, EA Rodriguez, DM Wellman, KN Geiszler, SR Baum, LR Reed, JV Crum, and HT Schaef. 2005. Laboratory Testing of Bulk Vitrified Low-Activity Waste Forms to Support the 2005 Integrated Disposal Facility Performance Assessment. PNNL-15126 Rev. 1, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Um W, RJ Serne, BN Bjornstad, HT Schaef, CF Brown, VL Legore, KN Geiszler, SR Baum, MM Valenta, IV Kutnyakov, TS Vickerman, and MJ Lindberg. 2005. Characterization of 200-UP-1 Aquifer Sediments and Results of Sorption-Desorption Tests Using Spiked Uncontaminated Groundwater. PNNL-15502, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 

2004

• Deutsch WJ, KM Krupka, MJ Lindberg, KJ Cantrell, CF Brown, and HT Schaef. 2004. Hanford Tanks 241-C-203 and 241-C-204: Residual Waste Contaminant Release Model and Supporting Data . PNNL-14903, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Krupka KM, WJ Deutsch, MJ Lindberg, KJ Cantrell, NJ Hess, HT Schaef, and BW Arey. 2004. Hanford Tanks 241-AY-102 and 241-BX-101: Sludge Composition and Contaminant Release Data . PNNL-14614, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Pierce EM, BP McGrail, EA Rodriguez, HT Schaef, P Saripalli, RJ Serne, KM Krupka, PF Martin, SR Baum, KN Geiszler, LR Reed, and WJ Shaw. 2004. Waste Form Release Data Package for the 2005 Integrated Disposal Facility Performance Assessment. PNNL-14805, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 

2003

• Horton DG, HT Schaef, RJ Serne, CF Brown, MM Valenta, TS Vickerman, IV Kutnyakov, SR Baum, KN Geiszler, and KE Parker. 2003. Geochemistry of Samples from Borehole C3177(299-E24-21). PNNL-14289, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Kaplan DI, RJ Serne, HT Schaef, CW Lindenmeier, KE Parker, AT Owen, DE McCready, and JS Young. 2003. The Influence of Glass Leachate on the Hydraulic, Physical, Mineralogical and Sorptive Properties of Hanford Sediment. PNNL-14325, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Lindenmeier CW, RJ Serne, BN Bjornstad, GW Gee, HT Schaef, DC Lanigan, MJ Lindberg, RE Clayton, VL Legore, IV Kutnyakov, SR Baum, KN Geiszler, CF Brown, MM Valenta, TS Vickerman, and LJ Royack. 2003. Characterization of Vadose Zone Sediment: RCRA Borehole 299-E33-338 Located Near the B-BX-BY Waste Management Area. PNNL-14121, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• McGrail BP, AM Ho, SP Reidel, and HT Schaef. 2003. "Use and Features of Basalt Formations for Geologic Sequestration." In Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies, October 1-4, 2002, Kyoto, Japan , vol. II, ed. J Gale and Y Kaya, pp. 1637-1640.  Pergamon, Amsterdam, Netherlands. 
• McGrail BP, EM Pierce, HT Schaef, EA Rodriguez, JL Steele, AT Owen, and DM Wellman. 2003. Laboratory Testing of Bulk Vitrified and Steam Reformed Low-Activity Waste Forms to Support A Preliminary Risk Assessment for an Integrated Disposal Facility. PNNL-14414, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Strachan DM, HT Schaef, MJ Schweiger, KL Simmons, LJ Woodcock, and MK Krouse. 2003. "A versatile and inexpensive XRD sample holder for highly radioactive or hazardous samples." Powder Diffraction 18(1):23-28. 

2002

• Serne RJ, HT Schaef, BN Bjornstad, DC Lanigan, GW Gee, CW Lindenmeier, RE Clayton, VL Legore, RD Orr, MJ O'Hara, CF Brown, GV Last, IV Kutnyakov, DS Burke, TC Wilson, and BA Williams. 2002. Characterization of Vadose Zone Sediment: Borehole 299-W23-19 [SX -115] in the S-SX Waste Management Area. . PNNL-13757-2, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Serne RJ, BN Bjornstad, GW Gee, HT Schaef, DC Lanigan, RG Mccain, CW Lindenmeier, RD Orr, VL Legore, RE Clayton, MJ Lindberg, IV Kutnyakov, SR Baum, KN Geiszler, MM Valenta, TS Vickerman, and LJ Royack. 2002. Characterization of Vadose Zone Sediment: Borehole 299-E33-46 Near Tank B-110 in the B-BX-BY Waste Management Area. . PNNL-14119, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Serne RJ, BN Bjornstad, HT Schaef, BA Williams, DC Lanigan, DG Horton, RE Clayton, AV Mitroshkov, VL Legore, MJ O'Hara, CF Brown, KE Parker, IV Kutnyakov, JN Serne, GV Last, SC Smith, CW Lindenmeier, JM Zachara, and DS Burke. 2002. Characterization of Vadose Zone Sediment: Uncontaminated RCRA Borehole Core Samples and Composite Samples. PNNL-13757-1, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Serne RJ, CF Brown, HT Schaef, EM Pierce, MJ Lindberg, Z Wang, PL Gassman, and JG Catalano. 2002. 300 Area Uranium Leach and Adsorption Project. PNNL-14022, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Serne RJ, GV Last, HT Schaef, DC Lanigan, CW Lindenmeier, CC Ainsworth, RE Clayton, VL Legore, MJ O'Hara, CF Brown, RD Orr, IV Kutnyakov, TC Wilson, KB Wagnon, BA Williams, and DS Burke. 2002. Characterization of Vadose Zone Sediment: Borehole 41-09-39 in the S-SX Waste Management Area. PNNL-13757-3, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Serne RJ, GV Last, HT Schaef, DC Lanigan, CW Lindenmeier, CC Ainsworth, RE Clayton, VL Legore, MJ O'Hara, CF Brown, RD Orr, IV Kutnyakov, TC Wilson, KB Wagnon, BA Williams, and DS Burke. 2002. Characterization of Vadose Zone Sediment: Slant Borehole SX-108 in the S-SX Waste Management Area. PNNL-13757-4, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Serne RJ, GV Last, GW Gee, HT Schaef, DC Lanigan, CW Lindenmeier, MJ Lindberg, RE Clayton, VL Legore, RD Orr, IV Kutnyakov, SR Baum, KN Geiszler, CF Brown, MM Valenta, and TS Vickerman. 2002. Characterization of Vadose Zone Sediment: Borehole 299-E33-45 Near BX-102 in the B-BX-BY Waste Management Area. PNNL-14083, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• Strachan DM, RD Scheele, AE Kozelisky, RL Sell, HT Schaef, MJ O'Hara, CF Brown, and WC Buchmiller. 2002. "Radiation Damage in Titanate Ceramics Used for Plutonium Immobilization." In Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXV, vol. 713, pp. 461-468.  Materials Research Society, Warrendale, PA. 

2001

• McGrail BP, DH Bacon, JP Icenhower, FM Mann, RJ Puigh, HT Schaef, and SV Mattigod. 2001. "Near-Field Performance Assessment for a Low-Activity Waste Glass Disposal System: Laboratory Testing to Modeling Results." Journal of Nuclear Materials 298(1-2):95-111. 
• McGrail BP, JP Icenhower, PF Martin, HT Schaef, MJ O'Hara, E Rodriguez, and JL Steele. 2001. Waste Form Release Data Package for the 2001 Immobilized Low-Activity Waste Performance Assessment. PNNL-13043 Rev.2, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• McKinley JP, CJ Zeissler, JM Zachara, RJ Serne, RM Lindstrom, HT Schaef, and RD Orr. 2001. "Distribution and Retention of 137Cs in Sediments at the Hanford Site, Washington." Environmental Science and Technology 35(17):3433-3441. 
• Strachan DM, RD Scheele, JP Icenhower, AE Kozelisky, RL Sell, VL Legore, HT Schaef, MJ O'Hara, CF Brown, and WC Buchmiller. 2001. The Status of Radiation Damage Experiments. PNNL-13721, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 

2000

• Icenhower JP, BP McGrail, HT Schaef, and EA Cordova. 2000. "Dissolution Kinetics of Titanium Pyrochlore Ceramics at 90?C by Single-Pass Flow-Through Experiments." In Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXIII, vol. 23, ed. R.W. Smith and D.W. Shoesmith, pp. 373-378 .  Materials Research Society, Warrendale, PA. 
• McGrail BP, JP Icenhower, PF Martin, DR Rector, HT Schaef, EA Rodriguez, and JL Steele. 2000. Low-Activity Waste Glass Studies: FY2000 Summary Report. PNNL-13381, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA. 
• McGrail BP, PF Martin, HT Schaef, CW Lindenmeier, and AT Owen. 2000. "Glass/Ceramic Interactions in the Can-In-Canister Configuration for Disposal of Excess Weapons Plutonium." In Scientific Basis for Nuclear Waste Management XXIII, Symposium, 29 Nov.-2 Dec.1999, Boston, MA, USA. Mat. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., vol. 608, pp. 345-352.  Materials Research Society, Warrendale, PA. 

1999

• McGrail BP, PF Martin, CW Lindenmeier, and HT Schaef. 1999. "Application of the Pressurised Unsaturated Flow (PUF) Test for Accelerated Ageing of Waste Forms." In Ageing Studies and Lifetime Extension of Materials, Proceedings of the First International Conference on Ageing Studies and Lifetime Extension of Materials, ed. Leslie G. Mallinson, pp. 313-320.  Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers, New York, NY. 

Enabled by the Office of Science

Security & Privacy | Contact PNNL