Staff information

Ja Hun Kwak

Catalysis Science
Scientist
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
PO Box 999
MSIN: K8-87
Richland, WA 99352
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Biography

Dr. Kwak's general research interests are synthesis and characterization of various heterogeneous catalysts. On the synthesis side Kwak's work is focused on the development of novel methods for the synthesis of heterogeneous catalysts. These new synthesis methods allow the precise control of the chemical and physical properties of catalyst materials. Equally important is the chemical and spectroscopic characterization of the thus prepared catalyst materials. To this end, Kwak has been developing a set of test reactions to monitor the activities of certain catalytic sites (with acid-base properties, oxidation-reduction activities, etc). To understand the correlation between catalyst structure and reactivity, he has been applying a series of spectroscopy tools. Kwak's main expertise is in ultra-high-field solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; he has been applying to this study both the catalyst materials themselves and their interactions with catalytically interesting molecules. For the characterization of the catalyst materials Kwak has also been using synchrotron-based spectroscopic tools (XANES, EXAFS, XRD), as well as TEM, and FTIR spectroscopies. Combining catalyst synthesis with both physical and chemical characterizations can bring us closer to designing new, highly active, and selective catalytic materials.

Research Interests

Catalyst preparation
Characterization of catalysts by various spectroscopic techniques.

Education and Credentials

BS, Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, 1987.
MS, Physical Chemistry, Korean Advanced Institute for Science and Technology, Taejon, Korea, 1983.
PhD, Physical Chemistry, Korean Advanced Institute for Science and Technology, Taejon, Korea, 1986.
Postdoctoral fellow, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 2002-2004

Affiliations and Professional Service

American Chemistry Society, member

PNNL Publications

2009

Hu JZ, JA Sears, Jr, JH Kwak, DW Hoyt, Y Wang, and CHF Peden. 2009. "An Isotropic Chemical Shift-Chemical Shift Anisotropic Correlation Experiment Using Discrete Magic Angle Turning." Journal of Magnetic Resonance 198(1):105-110.
Hu JZ, JH Kwak, Y Wang, CHF Peden, H Zheng, D Ma, and X Bao. 2009. "Studies of the Active Sites for Methane Dehydroaromatization Using Ultrahigh-Field Solid-State Mo95 NMR Spectroscopy." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 113(7):2936-2942. doi:10.1021/jp8107914
Hu JZ, JH Kwak, Z Yang, X Wan, and LL Shaw. 2009. "Direct Observation of Ion Exchange in Mechanically Activated LiH+MgB2 System Using Ultra-High Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy." Applied Physics Letters 94(14):Art No.: 141905. doi:10.1063/1.3110966
Kim DH, J Szanyi, JH Kwak, X Wang, JC Hanson, MH Engelhard, and CHF Peden. 2009. "Effects of sulfation level on the desulfation behavior of pre-sulfated Pt BaO/Al2O3 lean NOx trap catalysts: a combined H2 Temperature-Programmed Reaction, in-situ sulfur K-edge X-ray Absorption Near-Edge Spectroscopy, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, and Time-Resolved X-ray Diffraction Study." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 113(17):7336-7341. doi:10.1021/jp900304h
Mei D, Q Ge, JH Kwak, DH Kim, CM Verrier, J Szanyi, and CHF Peden. 2009. "Characterization of Surface and Bulk Nitrates of ?-Al2O3-Supported Alkaline Earth Oxides using Density Functional Theory." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. PCCP 11(18):3380-3389. doi:10.1039/b819347a
Zhu K, JZ Hu, X She, J Liu, Z Nie, Y Wang, CHF Peden, and JH Kwak. 2009. "Characterization of Dispersed Heteropoly Acid on Mesoporous Zeolite Using Solid-State P-31 NMR Spin-Lattice Relaxation." Journal of the American Chemical Society 131(28):9715-9721. doi:10.1021/ja901317r
Kou R, Y Shao, D Wang, MH Engelhard, JH Kwak, J Wang, VV Viswanathan, CM Wang, Y Lin, Y Wang, IA Aksay, and J Liu. 2009. "Enhanced Activity and Stability of Pt catalysts on Functionalized Graphene Sheets for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction ." Electrochemistry Communications 11(5):954-957.
Kwak JH, D Mei, CWW Yi, DH Kim, CHF Peden, L Allard, and J Szanyi. 2009. "Understanding the nature of surface nitrates in BaO/gamma-Al2O3 NOx storage materials: A combined experimental and theoretical study ." Journal of Catalysis 261(1):17-22.
Kwak JH, JZ Hu, D Mei, CWW Yi, DH Kim, CHF Peden, L Allard, and J Szanyi. 2009. "Coordinatively unsaturated Al3+ centers as binding sites for active catalyst phases on ?-Al2O3." Science 325(5948):1670-1673. doi:10.1126/science.1176745
Osborn W, T Markmaitree, LL Shaw, R Ren, JZ Hu, JH Kwak, and Z Yang. 2009. "Solid-State Hydrogen Storage: Storage Capacity,Thermodynamics and Kinetics." JOM. The Journal of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society 61(4):45-51.

2008

Hu JZ, JH Kwak, Z Yang, osborn, T Markmaitree, and LL Shaw. 2008. "Probing the Reaction Pathway of Dehydrogenation of the LiNH2 + LiH Mixture Using In Situ 1H NMR Spectroscopy ." Journal of Power Sources 181(1):116-119.
Hu JZ, JH Kwak, Z Yang, W Osborn, T Markmaitree, and LL Shaw. 2008. "Investigation of Mechanical Activation on Li-N-H Systems Using 6Li Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance at Ultra-High Field ." Journal of Power Sources 182(1):278-283.
Kim DH, JH Kwak, J Szanyi, SJ Cho, and CHF Peden. 2008. "Roles of Pt and BaO in the Sulfation of Pt/BaO/Al2O3 Lean NOx Trap Materials: Sulfur K-edge XANES and Pt LIII XAFS Studies." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 112(8):2981-2987. doi:10.1021/jp077563i
Kim DH, JH Kwak, X Wang, J Szanyi, and CHF Peden. 2008. "Sequential high temperature reduction, low temperature hydrolysis for the regeneration of sulfated NOx trap catalysts." Catalysis Today 136(1-2):183-187. doi:doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2007.12.134
Kim DH, YH Chin, JH Kwak, and CHF Peden. 2008. "Promotional Effects of H2O Treatment on NOx Storage over Fresh and Thermally Aged Pt-BaO/Al2O3 Lean NOx Trap Catalysts ." Catalysis Letters 124(1-2):39-45. doi:10.1007/s10562-008-9505-6
Mei D, Q Ge, JH Kwak, DH Kim, J Szanyi, and CHF Peden. 2008. "Adsorption and Formation of BaO Overlayers on Gamma-Al2O3 Surfaces ." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 112(46):18050-18060. doi:10.1021/jp806212z
Verrier CLM, JH Kwak, DH Kim, CHF Peden, and J Szanyi. 2008. "NOx uptake on alkaline earth oxides (BaO, MgO, CaO and SrO) supported on ?-Al2O3." Catalysis Today 136(1-2):121-127. doi:doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2007.12.138
Cheng Y, J Hoard, C Lambert, JH Kwak, and CHF Peden. 2008. "NMR Studies of Cu/zeolite SCR Catalysts Hydrothermally Aged with Urea." Catalysis Today 136(1-2):34-39. doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2008.01.019
Herrera JE, JH Kwak, JZ Hu, Y Wang, and CHF Peden. 2008. "Effects of novel supports on the physical and catalytic properties of tungstophosphoric acid for alcohol dehydration reactions." Topics in Catalysis 49(3-4):259-267. doi:10.1007/s11244-008-9081-4
Kwak JH, DH Kim, J Szanyi, and CHF Peden. 2008. "Excellent Sulfur Resistance of Pt/BaO/CeO2 Lean NOx Trap Catalysts." Applied Catalysis. B, Environmental 84(3-4):545-551. doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2008.05.009
Kwak JH, JZ Hu, AC Lukaski, DH Kim, J Szanyi, and CHF Peden. 2008. "The Role of PentaCoordinated Al3+ Ions in the High Temperature Phase Transformation of ?-Al2O3." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 112(25):9486-9492. doi:10.1021/jp802631u
Lee J, Y Lee, J Youn, HB Na, T Yu, HO Kim, S Lee, Y Koo, JH Kwak, HG Park, HN Chang, M Hwang, JG Park, J Kim, and T Hyeon. 2008. "Simple synthesis of functionalized superparamagnetic magnetite/silica core/shell nanoparticles and their application as magnetically separable high-performance biocatalysts ." Small 4(1):143-152.
Shao Y, R Kou, J Wang, JH Kwak, VV Viswanathan, Y Wang, J Liu, and Y Lin. 2008. "Fast test for the durability of PEM fuel cell catalysts." In Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 8. ECS Transactions, vol. 16, no. 2, ed. T. Fuller, et al, pp. 361-366. The Electrochemical Society, Pennington, NJ. doi:10.1149/1.2981870
Shao Y, R Kou, J Wang, VV Viswanathan, JH Kwak, J Liu, Y Wang, and Y Lin. 2008. "The influence of the electrochemical stressing (potential step and potential-static holding) on the degradation of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell electrocatalysts." Journal of Power Sources 185(1):280-286. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2008.07.008
Yang Y, CA Mims, RS Disselkamp, D Mei, JH Kwak, J Szanyi, CHF Peden, and CT Campbell. 2008. "Isotope effects in methanol synthesis and the reactivity of copper formates on a Cu/SiO2 catalyst." Catalysis Letters 125(3-4):201-208. doi:10.1007/s10562-008-9592-4
Zheng H, D Ma, X Bao, JZ Hu, JH Kwak, Y Wang, and CHF Peden. 2008. "Direct Observation of the Active Center for Methane Dehydroaromatization Using an Ultrahigh Field 95Mo NMR Spectroscopy." Journal of the American Chemical Society 130(12):3722-3723. doi:10.1021/ja7110916

2007

Kim DH, JH Kwak, J Szanyi, SD Burton, and CHF Peden. 2007. "Water-induced Bulk Ba(NO3)2 Formation From NO2 Exposed Thermally Aged BaO/Al2O3." Applied Catalysis. B, Environmental 72(3-4):233-239.
Szanyi J, JH Kwak, RJ Chimentao, and CHF Peden. 2007. "The effect of H2O on the adsorption of NO2 on ?-Al2O3: an in situ FTIR/MS study." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 111(6):2661-2669. doi:10.1021/jp066326x
Zhao H, JE Holladay, JH Kwak, and ZC Zhang. 2007. "A new route to improved glucose yields in cellulose hydrolysis." Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy 1(2):210-214.
Zhao H, JE Holladay, JH Kwak, and ZC Zhang. 2007. "Inverse Temperature-Dependent Pathway of Cellulose Decrystallization in Trifluoroacetic Acid." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 111(19):5295-5300. doi:10.1021/jp070253f
Zhao H, JH Kwak, Y Wang, JA Franz, JM White, and JE Holladay. 2007. "Interactions between cellulose and N-Methylmorpholine-N-oxide." Carbohydrate Polymers 67(1):97-103. doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2006.04.019
Zhao H, JH Kwak, ZC Zhang, HM Brown, BW Arey, and JE Holladay. 2007. "Studying Cellulose Fiber Structure by SEM, XRD, NMR and Acid Hydrolysis." Carbohydrate Polymers 68(2):235-241. doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2006.12.013
Chimentao RJ, JL Herrera, JH Kwak, F Medina, Y Wang, and CHF Peden. 2007. "Oxidation of Ethanol to Acetaldehyde over Na-promoted vanadium oxide catalysts." Applied Catalysis. A, General 332(2):263-272. doi:10.1016/j.apcata.2007.08.024
Dixon DA, Z Dohnalek, MS Gutowski, JZ Hu, E Iglesia, BD Kay, J Liu, CHF Peden, L Wang, Y Wang, JM White, OA Bondarchuk, JE Herrera, J Kim, JH Kwak, T Stuchinskaya, HJ Zhai, CN Chisolm, and J Macht. 2007. "Early Transition Metal Oxides as Catalysts: Crossing Scales from Clusters to Single Crystals to Functioning Materials." In Frontiers in Catalysis Science. Meeting of the Catalysis and Chemical Transformations Program Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U.S. Department of Energy Rockville, MD May 23-26, 2004, pp. 389-392. Department of Energy, Washington, DC.
Kim MI, J Kim, J Lee, H Jia, HB Na, J Youn, JH Kwak, A Dohnalkova, JW Grate, P Wang, T Hyeon, HG Park, and HN Chang. 2007. "Crosslinked Enzyme Aggregates in Hierarchically-Ordered Mesoporous Silica: A Simple and Effective Method for Enzyme Stabilization." Biotechnology and Bioenegineering 96(2):210-218. doi:10.1002/bit.21107
Kwak JH, JZ Hu, DH Kim, J Szanyi, and CHF Peden. 2007. "Penta-coordinated Al3+ ions as preferential nucleation sites for BaO on ?-Al2O3: an ultra-high magnetic field 27Al MAS NMR study." Journal of Catalysis 251(2):189-194. doi:10.1016/j.jcat.2007.06.029
Lu C, JZ Hu, JH Kwak, ZG Yang, R Ren, T Markmaitree, and LL Shaw. 2007. "Study the Effects of Mechanical Activation on Li-N-H Systems With 1H and 6Li Solid-State NMR." Journal of Power Sources 170(2):419-424. doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.02.080
Szanyi J, JH Kwak, DH Kim, X Wang, J Hanson, RJ Chimentao, and CHF Peden. 2007. "Water-induced morphology changes in BaO/?-Al2O3 NOx storage materials." Chemical Communications 2007(9):984-986. doi:10.1039/b613674e
Szanyi J, JH Kwak, DH Kim, X Wang, RJ Chimentao, J Hanson, WS Epling, and CHF Peden. 2007. "Water-induced morphology changes in BaO/?-Al2O3 NOx storage materials: an FTIR, TPD, and time-resolved synchrotron XRD study." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 111(12):4678-4687. doi:10.1021/jp067932v
Yi CWW, JH Kwak, and J Szanyi. 2007. "The interaction of NO2 with BaO: from cooperative adsorption to Ba(NO3)2 formation." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 111(42):15299-15305. doi:10.1021/jp074179c
Yi CWW, JH Kwak, CHF Peden, CM Wang, and J Szanyi. 2007. "Understanding Practical Catalysts Using a Surface Science Approach: The Importance of Strong Interaction between BaO and Al2O3 in NOx Storage Materials." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 111(41):14942-14944. doi:10.1021/jp0763376

2006

Herrera JE, JH Kwak, JZ Hu, Y Wang, and CHF Peden. 2006. "Synthesis of Nanodispersed Oxides of Vanadium, Titanium, Molybdenum, and Tungsten on Mesoporous Silica using Atomic Layer Deposition." Topics in Catalysis 39(3-4):245-255. doi:10.1007/s11244-006-0063-0
Herrera JE, JH Kwak, JZ Hu, Y Wang, CHF Peden, J Macht, and E Iglesia. 2006. "Synthesis, Characterization, and Catalytic Function of Novel Highly Dispersed Tungsten Oxide Catalysts on Mesoporous Silica ." Journal of Catalysis 239(1):200-211.
Szailer T, JH Kwak, DH Kim, J Hanson, CHF Peden, and J Szanyi. 2006. "Reduction of Stored NOx on Pt/Al2O3 and Pt/BaO/Al2O3 Catalysts with H2 and CO." Journal of Catalysis 239(1):51-64. doi:10.1016/j.jcat.2006.01.014
Szailer T, JH Kwak, DH Kim, J Szanyi, CM Wang, and CHF Peden. 2006. "Effects of Ba loading and calcination temperature on BaAl2O4 formation for BaO/Al2O3 NOx Storage and Reduction Catalysts." Catalysis Today 114(1):86-93. doi:10.1016/j.cattod.2006.02.016
Szanyi J, JH Kwak, SD Burton, JA Rodriguez, and CHF Peden. 2006. "Characterization of NOx Species in Dehydrated and Hydrated Na- and Ba-Y, FAU Zeolites Formed in NO2 Adsorption." Journal of Electron Spectroscopy and Related Phenomena 150(2-3):164-170. doi:10.1016/j.elspec.2005.05.007
Zhao H, JH Kwak, Y Wang, JA Franz, JM White, and JE Holladay. 2006. "Effects of crystallinity on dilute acid hydrolysis of cellulose by cellulose ball-milling study." Energy and Fuels (20):807-811.
Kim DH, J Szanyi, JH Kwak, T Szailer, J Hanson, CM Wang, and CHF Peden. 2006. "Effect of Barium Loading on the Desulfation of Pt-BaO/Al2O3 Studied by H2 TPRX, TEM, Sulfur K-edge XANES, and in Situ TR-XRD." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 110(21):10441-10448. doi:10.1021/jp060119f
Kim J, H Jia, CW Lee, S Chung, JH Kwak, Y Shin, A Dohnalkova, BG Kim, P Wang, and JW Grate. 2006. "Single Enzyme Nanoparticles in Nanoporous Silica: A Heirachical Approach to Enzyme Stabilization and Immobilization." Enzyme and Microbial Technology 39:474-480.
Kwak JH, JE Herrera, JZ Hu, Y Wang, and CHF Peden. 2006. "A New Class of Highly Dispersed VOx Catalysts on Mesoporous Silica: Synthesis, Characterization, and Catalytic Activity in the Partial Oxidation of Ethanol." Applied Catalysis. A, General 300(2):109-119.
Kwak JH, CHF Peden, and J Szanyi. 2006. "Non-thermal plasma-assisted NOx reduction over Na-Y zeolites: The promotional effect of acid sites." Catalysis Letters 109(1-2):1-6. doi:10.1007/s10562-006-0049-3
Kwak JH, DH Kim, T Szailer, CHF Peden, and J Szanyi. 2006. "NOx Uptake Mechanism on Pt/BaO/Al2O3 Catalysts." Catalysis Letters 111(3-4):119-126.
Wang CM, JH Kwak, DH Kim, J Szanyi, R Sharma, S Thevuthasan, and CHF Peden. 2006. "Morphological Evolution of Ba(NO3)2 Supported on ???-Al2O3(0001): An In-Situ TEM Study." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 110(24):11878-11883. doi:10.1021/jp060235i

2005

Kim DH, YH Chin, JH Kwak, J Szanyi, and CHF Peden. 2005. "Changes in Ba phases in BaO/Al2O3 upon thermal aging and H2O treatment." Catalysis Letters 105(3-4):259-268. doi:10.1007/s10562-005-8700-y
Szanyi J, JH Kwak, and CHF Peden. 2005. "The Catalytic Chemistry of HCN+NO2 over Na- and Ba-Y, FAU: An In Situ FTIR and TPD/TPR Study." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 109(4):1481-1490. doi:10.1021/jp045671o
Herricks TE, SH Kim, J Kim, D Li, JH Kwak, JW Grate, SH Kim, and Y Xia. 2005. "Direct Fabrication of Enzyme-Carrying Polymer Nanofibers by Electrospinning." Journal of Materials Chemistry 15(31):3241-3245.
Hu JZ, JH Kwak, JE Herrera, Y Wang, and CHF Peden. 2005. "Line narrowing in H-1 MAS spectrum of mesoporous silica by removing adsorbed H2O using N-2 ." Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 27(3):200-205.
Kim BC, S Nair, J Kim, JH Kwak, JW Grate, SH Kim, and MB Gu. 2005. "Preparation of biocatalytic nanofibers with high activity and stability via enzyme aggregate coating on polymer nanofibers." Nanotechnology 16(7):S382-S388. doi:10.1088/0957-4484/16/7/011
Kim J, J Lee, HB Na, BC Kim, J Youn, JH Kwak, K Moon, E Lee, J Kim, J Park, A Dohnalkova, HG Park, MB Gu, HN Chang, JW Grate, and T Hyeon. 2005. "A Magnetically Separable, Highly Stable Enzyme System Based on Nanocomposites of Enzymes and Magnetic Nanoparticles Shipped in Hierarchically Ordered, Mesocellular, Mesoporous Silica." Small 1(12):1203-1207. doi:10.1022/smll.200500245
Kwak JH, DH Kim, J Szanyi, T Szailer, and CHF Peden. 2005. "Reactivity of Pt/BaO/Al2O3 for NOx Storage/Reduction: Effects of Pt and Ba Loading." In 229th ACS National Meeting, San Diego, March 13-17, 2005, Book of Abstracts, vol. 229, no. Pt. 1, p. Fuel 163. American Chemical Society, Washington DC.
Lee CS, HJ Lee, SW Choi, JH Kwak, and CHF Peden. 2005. "Structural and Catalytic Properties of the Alkali Metal Ion-Exchanged Y-Zeolites by 29Si and 27Al Solid-State NMR and FT-IR Spectroscopy." Key Engineering Materials 277-279:708-719.
Lee D, J Lee, J Kim, J Kim, HB Na, B Kim, CH Shin, JH Kwak, A Dohnalkova, JW Grate, T Hyeon, and HS Kim. 2005. "Simple Fabrication of a Highly Sensitive and Fast Glucose Biosensor using Enzyme Immobilized in Mesocellular Carbon Foam." Advanced Materials 17(23):2828-2833.
Lee J, D Lee, E Oh, J Kim, YP Kim, S Jin, HS Kim, Y Hwang, JH Kwak, JG Park, CH Shin, J Kim, and T Hyeon. 2005. "Preparation of a Magnetically Switchable Bioelectrocatalytic System Employing Cross-Linked Enzyme Aggregates in Magnetic Mesocellular Carbon Foam." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 44(45):7427-7432. doi:10.1002/anie.200502995
Lee J, J Kim, J Kim, H Jia, MI Kim, JH Kwak, S Jin, A Dohnalkova, HG Park, HN Chang, P Wang, JW Grate, and T Hyeon. 2005. "Simple Synthesis of Hierarchically Ordered Mesocellular Mesoporous Silica Materials Hosting Crosslinked Enzyme Aggregates." Small 1(7):744-753.
Szanyi J, JH Kwak, DH Kim, SD Burton, and CHF Peden. 2005. "NO2 Adsorption on BaO/Al2O3: The Nature of Nitrate Species." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 109(1):27-29. doi:10.1021/jp045082i
Szanyi J, JH Kwak, J Hanson, CM Wang, T Szailer, and CHF Peden. 2005. "Changing Morphology of BaO/AI2O3 during NO2 Uptake and Release." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 109(15):7339-7344.

2004

Szanyi J, JH Kwak, and CHF Peden. 2004. "The Effect of Water on the Adsorption of NO2 in Na- and Ba-Y,FAU Zeolites: A Combined FTIR and TPD Investigation." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 108(12):3746-3753.
Szanyi J, JH Kwak, RA Moline, and CHF Peden. 2004. "Adsorption, Coadsorption and Reaction of Acetaldehyde and NO2 on Na-Y,FAU: an in situ FTIR Investigation." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 108(44):17050-17058 .
Barlow SE, JH Kwak, CHF Peden, J Szanyi, RG Tonkyn, G Singh, K Stork, JW Hoard, B Cho, DJ Brooks, and S Nunn. 2004. "Plasma Catalysis for NOx Reduction from Light-Duty Diesel Vehicles." Chapter III.G. in Advanced Combustion Engine R&D: 2003 Annual Progress Report, ed. G Singh, pp. 129-136. Department of Energy, Washington, DC.
Barlow SE, JH Kwak, CHF Peden, J Szanyi, RG Tonkyn, K Howden, JW Hoard, B Cho, SJ Schmieg, DJ Brooks, S Nunn, and P Davis. 2004. "Plasma Catalysis for NOx Reduction from Light-Duty Diesel Vehicles." In Advanced Combustion Engine Research & Development, 2004 Annual Progress Report, pp. 180-183. US Department of Energy, Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Washington DC.
Kwak JH, J Szanyi, and CHF Peden. 2004. "Non-Thermal Plasma-assisted NOx Reduction over Alkali and Alkaline Earth Ion Exchanged Y, FAU Zeolites." Catalysis Today 89(1-2):135-141.

2003

Szanyi J, JH Kwak, RA Moline, and CHF Peden. 2003. "The Adsorption of NO2 and the NO+O?² Reaction on Na-Y,FAU: an in situ FTIR Investigation ." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. PCCP 5(18):4045-4051.
Kwak JH, J Szanyi, and CHF Peden. 2003. "Non-thermal Plasma-Assisted Catalytic NOx Reduction over Ba-Y,FAU: The Effect of Catalyst Preparation." Journal of Catalysis 220(2):291-298.