Digital PL-202 Phantom with Six Organs
Phantom PL-202 is a second generation Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory phantom. This torso and chestplate, along with select torso organs were scanned by a laser scanning system to obtain computer aided design (CAD) information. The abdominal insert, which fits below the liver, was not scanned. The organ scans were made from original plaster models of the organs made by Griffith et al.1 in the 1970s.
Two main file formats were chosen for the phantom scans: initial graphics exchange specification (IGES) and standard tessellation language (STL). IGES is an early-generation, neutral data format. STL is a format that can be used by stereolithography CAD software to create three-dimensional models. Zipped files are available for both, with IGES files only available in the Zipped form.
The digital scans were obtained using either a white light or laser scanner. White light scans for the models had a point spacing of 0.015 to 0.15mm, whereas the laser scanner had a scan width of 1.34 to 2.36 in. with 640 points per line (accuracy of 0.002 in.). The scan data were exported as points to Geomagic® Studio for processing. In Geomagic® Studio, the points were converted to STL format and "cleaned." The STL model was converted to a nonuniform rational B-spline (NURBS) surface model and saved in an IGES format.
Table 1 contains links that can be used to access files for the torso, chestplate, liver, heart, right lung, left lung, right kidney, and left kidney. Files for a larger heart are also included. The user would need appropriate software to view these files.
| Tissue | STL File | STL-binary File | ZIP(STL) File | ZIP(IGS) File |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Torso | 127 MB | 24.2 MB | 22.4 MB | 3.1 MB |
| Chest Plate | 84.6 MB | 16.2 MB | 15.0 MB | 3.4 MB |
| Right Lung | 194 MB | N/A | 60.6 MB | 7.6 MB |
| Left Lung | 195 MB | N/A | 60.6 MB | 6.2 MB |
| Heart | 78.3 MB | N/A | 17.2 MB | 1.6 MB |
| Large Heart | 75.1 MB | N/A | 18.0 MB | 947 KB |
| Liver | 27.4 MB | N/A | 4.9 MB | 589 KB |
| Right Kidney | 27.0 MB | N/A | 5.7 MB | 677 KB |
| Left Kidney | 13.5 MB | N/A | 3.0 MB | 1.2 MB |
1Griffith, RV, PN Dean, AL Anderson, and JC Fisher. 1978. A Tissue-Equivalent Torso Phantom for Intercalibration of in-vivo, transuranic-nuclide counting facilities. IAEA-SM-229/56, pp. 493-504. in Advances in Radiation Monitoring, Proceedings of an International Atomic Energy Agency Conference.