Researchers devised a quantitative and predictive understanding of the cloud chemistry of biomass-burning organic gases helping increase the understanding of wildfires.
This study revealed that fresh organic vapors are soluble in particulate organics that are actively growing in size. However, if the particulate matter ages, fresh organic vapors can no longer mix with the organic matter.
Partitioning measured ice nucleating particle concentrations into individual particle types leads to a better understanding of the sources and model representations of these particles.
Variations in the level of market globalization can greatly affect the amount of water required to meet future global demand for agricultural commodities.
Climate change and socioeconomic pressures are transforming passenger and freight transportation in the Arctic, producing effects that have yet to be fully understood.
Testing the assumption that different future socio-economic development patterns, which result in different land-use changes, can be paired with different future climate outcomes for risk assessments in a multi-model framework.
Incorporating spatially explicit land characteristics in a global model illustrates the complex effects of applying uniform regional protection assumptions in a global analysis.
Researchers from Pacific Northwest National Laboratory created and embedded a physics-informed deep neural network that can learn as it processes data.
Randomly constructed neural networks can learn how to represent light interacting with atmospheric aerosols accurately at a low computational cost and improve climate modeling capabilities.