Staff information

Research Interests

• Aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions
• Global and regional earth system modeling
• Cloud physics
• Satellite simulator
• Uncertainty quantification

Education and Credentials

• Ph.D., Earth and Planetary Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 2010
• M.S.E.L., cum laude, Vermont Law School, South Royalton, VT, 2002
• M.S., Atmospheric Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 2002
• B.S., Atmospheric Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, 1999

Affiliations and Professional Service

• Member, American Geophysical Union, 2006-present
• Member, American Meteorological Society, 2006-present
• Aerosol Liaison, CESM Chemistry-Climate Working Group, 2012-2014

Awards and Recognitions

• Outstanding Contribution Award, ACME, 2016
• Outstanding Performance Award, PNNL, 2014
• Exceptional Contribution Program Award, PNNL, 2013
• Goddard Summer Internship, JCET/UMBC, 2006
• Fellowship, Johns Hopkins University, 2005
• Certification for System Operation, Global Imaging Inc., 2003
• Dean's Award, National Taiwan University, 2001

PNNL Publications

2024

• Li J., K. Zhang, M. Hassan Mozumder, S. Zhang, P. Ma, B. Singh, and Q. Yan, et al. 2024. "Assessing the Sensitivity of Aerosol Mass Budget and Effective Radiative Forcing to Horizontal Grid Spacing in E3SMv1 Using A Regional Refinement Approach." Geoscientific Model Development 17, no. 3:1327-1347. PNNL-SA-183690. doi:10.5194/gmd-17-1327-2024
• Lu Z., X. Liu, Z. Ke, K. Zhang, P. Ma, and J. Fan. 2024. "Incorporating an Interactive Fire Plume-Rise Model in the DOE's Energy Exascale Earth System Model version 1 (E3SMv1) and Examining Aerosol Radiative Effect." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 16, no. 1:Art. No. e2023MS003818. PNNL-SA-185243. doi:10.1029/2023MS003818
• Qian Y., Z. Guo, V.E. Larson, L. Leung, W. Lin, P. Ma, and H. Wan, et al. 2024. "Region and cloud regime dependence of parametric sensitivity in E3SM Atmosphere Model." Climate Dynamics 62, no. 2:1517-1533. PNNL-SA-182222. doi:10.1007/s00382-023-06977-3
• Qin Y., X. Zheng, S.A. Klein, M. Zelinka, P. Ma, J. Golaz, and S. Xie. 2024. "Causes of Reduced Climate Sensitivity in E3SM from Version 1 to Version 2." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 16, no. 1:Art. No. e2023MS003875. PNNL-SA-186783. doi:10.1029/2023MS003875
• Yu S., P. Ma, B. Singh, S. Silva, and M.S. Pritchard. 2024. "TWO-STEP HYPERPARAMETER OPTIMIZATION METHOD: ACCELERATING HYPERPARAMETER SEARCH BY USING A FRACTION OF A TRAINING DATASET." Artificial Intelligence for the Earth Systems 3, no. 1:Art. No. e230013. PNNL-SA-191873. doi:10.1175/AIES-D-23-0013.1
• Zhang Y., S. Xie, Y. Qin, W. Lin, J. Golaz, X. Zheng, and P. Ma, et al. 2024. "Understanding Changes in Cloud Simulations from E3SM Version 1 to Version 2." Geoscientific Model Development 17, no. 1:169-189. PNNL-SA-192755. doi:10.5194/gmd-17-169-2024
• Zhao X., X. Liu, L. Lin, Y. Qin, M. Zelinka, S.A. Klein, and M. Zhang, et al. 2024. "Larger cloud liquid water enhances both aerosol indirect forcing and cloud radiative feedback in two Earth System Models." Geophysical Research Letters 51, no. 2:Art. No. e2023GL105529. PNNL-SA-194372. doi:10.1029/2023GL105529

2023

• Bonazzola M., H. Chepfer, P. Ma, J. Quaas, D. Winker, A.G. Feofilov, and N.A. Schutgens. 2023. "Incorporation of aerosol into the COSPv2 satellite lidar simulator for climate model evaluation." Geoscientific Model Development 16, no. 4:1359-1377. PNNL-SA-174122. doi:10.5194/gmd-16-1359-2023
• Christensen M., P. Ma, P. Wu, A.C. Varble, J.H. Muelmenstaedt, and J.D. Fast. 2023. "EVALUATION OF AEROSOL-CLOUD INTERACTIONS IN E3SM USING A LAGRANGIAN FRAMEWORK." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 23, no. 4:2789-2812. PNNL-SA-177501. doi:10.5194/acp-23-2789-2023
• Geiss A.V., P. Ma, B. Singh, and J.C. Hardin. 2023. "Emulating Aerosol Optics with Randomly Generated Neural Networks." Geoscientific Model Development 16, no. 9:2355-2370. PNNL-SA-173125. doi:10.5194/gmd-16-2355-2023
• Hagos S.M., J. Jung, P. Ma, S. Lubis, K. Balaguru, C. Chang, and L. Leung. 2023. "East African Monsoon as a Drawbridge for the Circumnavigation of Madden-Julian Oscillation Events." Geophysical Research Letters 50, no. 12:Art. No. e2023GL102906. PNNL-SA-185746. doi:10.1029/2023GL102906
• Raman A., T.C. Hill, P.J. DeMott, B. Singh, K. Zhang, P. Ma, and M. Wu, et al. 2023. "Long-term Variability in immersion-mode Marine Ice Nucleating Particles from Climate Model Simulations and Observations." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 23, no. 10:5735-5762. PNNL-SA-171035. doi:10.5194/acp-23-5735-2023
• Tang S., A.C. Varble, J.D. Fast, K. Zhang, P. Wu, X. Dong, and F. Mei, et al. 2023. "Earth System Model Aerosol-Cloud Diagnostics (ESMAC Diags) package, Version 2: Assessing aerosols, clouds and aerosol-cloud interactions via field campaign and long-term observations." Geoscientific Model Development 16, no. 21:6355-6376. PNNL-SA-181256. doi:10.5194/gmd-16-6355-2023
• Varble A.C., P. Ma, M. Christensen, J.H. Muelmenstaedt, S. Tang, and J.D. Fast. 2023. "Evaluation of Liquid Cloud Albedo Susceptibility in E3SM Using Coupled Eastern North Atlantic Surface and Satellite Retrievals." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 23, no. 20:13523-13553. PNNL-SA-185187. doi:10.5194/acp-23-13523-2023

2022

• Burrows S.M., R.C. Easter, X. Liu, P. Ma, H. Wang, S. Elliott, and B. Singh, et al. 2022. "OCEANFILMS (Organic Compounds from Ecosystems to Aerosols: Natural Films and Interfaces via Langmuir Molecular Surfactants) sea spray organic aerosol emissions - implementation in a global climate model and impacts on clouds." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 22, no. 8:5223-5251. PNNL-SA-131643. doi:10.5194/acp-22-5223-2022
• Christensen M., A. Gettelman, J. Cermak, G. Dagan, M. Diamond, A. Douglas, and G. Feingold, et al. 2022. "Opportunistic Experiments to Constrain Aerosol Effective Radiative Forcing." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 22, no. 1:641-674. PNNL-SA-163887. doi:10.5194/acp-22-641-2022
• Feofilov A.G., H. Chepfer, V. Noel, R. Guzman, C. Gindre, P. Ma, and M. Chiriaco. 2022. "Comparison of scattering ratio profiles retrieved from ALADIN/Aeolus and CALIOP/CALIPSO observations and preliminary estimates of cloud fraction profiles." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 15, no. 4:1055 - 1074. PNNL-SA-166716. doi:10.5194/amt-15-1055-2022
• Hao D., G. Bisht, M. Huang, P. Ma, T.K. Tesfa, W.L. Lee, and Y. Gu, et al. 2022. "Impacts of Sub-Grid Topographic Representations on Surface Energy Balance and Boundary Conditions in the E3SM Land Model: A Case Study in Sierra Nevada." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 14, no. 4:e2021MS002862. PNNL-SA-167225. doi:10.1029/2021MS002862
• Huang M., P. Ma, N. Chaney, D. Hao, G. Bisht, M. Fowler, and V.E. Larson, et al. 2022. "Representing surface heterogeneity in land-atmosphere coupling in E3SMv1 single-column model over ARM SGP during summertime." Geoscientific Model Development 15, no. 16:6371-6384. PNNL-SA-177124. doi:10.5194/gmd-15-6371-2022
• Ma P., B.E. Harrop, V.E. Larson, R. Neale, R. Neale, A. Gettelman, and H. Morrison, et al. 2022. "Better calibration of cloud parameterizations and subgrid effects increases the fidelity of E3SM Atmosphere Model version 1." Geoscientific Model Development 15, no. 7:2881-2916. PNNL-SA-166161. doi:10.5194/gmd-15-2881-2022
• Son R., P. Ma, H. Wang, P.J. Rasch, S.S. Wang, H. Kim, and J. Jeong, et al. 2022. "Deep Learning provides substantial improvements to county-level fire weather forecasting over the western United States." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 14, no. 10:Art. No. e2022MS002995. PNNL-SA-162240. doi:10.1029/2022MS002995
• Tang S., J.D. Fast, K. Zhang, J.C. Hardin, A.C. Varble, J.E. Shilling, and F. Mei, et al. 2022. "Earth System Model Aerosol-Cloud Diagnostics (ESMAC Diags) package, Version 1: Assessing E3SM Aerosol Predictions Using Aircraft, Ship, and Surface Measurements." Geoscientific Model Development 15, no. 10:4055-4076. PNNL-SA-167636. doi:10.5194/gmd-15-4055-2022
• Wu M., H. Wang, R.C. Easter, Z. Lu, X. Liu, B. Singh, and P. Ma, et al. 2022. "Development and evaluation of E3SM-MOSAIC: Spatial distributions and radiative effects of nitrate aerosol." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 14, no. 11:e2022MS003157. PNNL-SA-172258. doi:10.1029/2022MS003157
• Zhang K., W. Zhang, H. Wan, P.J. Rasch, S.J. Ghan, R.C. Easter, and X. Shi, et al. 2022. "Effective radiative forcing of anthropogenic aerosols in E3SM version 1: historical changes, causality, decomposition, and parameterization sensitivities." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 22, no. 13:9129-9160. PNNL-SA-169371. doi:10.5194/acp-22-9129-2022

2021

• Krishnamurthy R., R.K. Newsom, L.K. Berg, H. Xiao, P. Ma, and D.D. Turner. 2021. "On the estimation of boundary layer heights: A machine learning approach." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 14, no. 6:4403-4424. PNNL-SA-157374. doi:10.5194/amt-14-4403-2021
• Muelmenstaedt J.H., M. Salzmann, J. Kay, M. Zelinka, P. Ma, C. Nam, and J. Kretzschmar, et al. 2021. "An underestimated negative cloud feedback from cloud lifetime changes." Nature Climate Change 11, no. 6:508-513. PNNL-SA-149922. doi:10.1038/s41558-021-01038-1
• Silva S.J., P. Ma, J.C. Hardin, and D.A. Rothenberg. 2021. "Physically Regularized Machine Learning Emulators of Aerosol Activation." Geoscientific Model Development 14, no. 5:3067-3077. PNNL-SA-158539. doi:10.5194/gmd-14-3067-2021
• Tai S., Z. Feng, P. Ma, C. Schumacher, and J.D. Fast. 2021. "Representations of Precipitation Diurnal Cycle in the Amazon as Simulated by Observationally Constrained Cloud-System Resolving and Global Climate Models." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 13, no. 11:Art. No. e2021MS002586. PNNL-SA-160953. doi:10.1029/2021MS002586
• Wang J., J. Fan, R.A. Houze, S. Brodzik, K. Zhang, G.J. Zhang, and P. Ma. 2021. "Using radar observations to evaluate 3-D radar echo structure simulated by the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM) version 1." Geoscientific Model Development 14, no. 2:719-734. PNNL-SA-152787. doi:10.5194/gmd-14-719-2021
• Xu L., Q. Zhu, W. Riley, Y. Chen, H. Wang, P. Ma, and J.T. Randerson. 2021. "The influence of fire aerosols on surface climate and gross primary production in the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM)." Journal of Climate 34, no. 17:7219-7238. PNNL-SA-160596. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-21-0193.1
• Zheng Z., M. West, L. Zhao, P. Ma, X. Liu, and N. Riemer. 2021. "Quantifying the structural uncertainty of the aerosol mixing state representation in a modal model." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21, no. 23:17727 - 17741. PNNL-SA-172111. doi:10.5194/acp-21-17727-2021

2020

• Lou S., M.B. Shrivastava, R.C. Easter, Y. Yang, P. Ma, H. Wang, and M.J. Cubison, et al. 2020. "New SOA treatments within the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM): Strong production and sinks govern atmospheric SOA distributions and radiative forcing." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 12, no. 12:e2020MS002266. PNNL-SA-156400. doi:10.1029/2020MS002266
• Ma P., and P. Stinis. 2020. Developing a simulator-based satellite dataset for using machine learning techniques to derive aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions in models and observations in a consistent framework. PNNL-30561. Richland, WA: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. Developing a simulator-based satellite dataset for using machine learning techniques to derive aerosol-cloud-precipitation interactions in models and observations in a consistent framework
• Muelmenstaedt J.H., C. Nam, M. Salzmann, J. Kretzschmar, T. L'Ecuyer, U. Lohmann, and P. Ma, et al. 2020. "Reducing the aerosol forcing uncertainty using observational constraints on warm rain processes." Science Advances 6, no. 22:Article. No.eaaz6433. PNNL-SA-152083. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aaz6433
• Quaas J., A. Arola, B. Cairns, M. Christensen, H. Deneke, A.M. Ekman, and G. Feingold, et al. 2020. "Constraining the Twomey effect from satellite observations: issues and perspectives." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 20, no. 23:15079-15099. PNNL-SA-158861. doi:10.5194/acp-20-15079-2020
• Wang H., R.C. Easter, R. Zhang, P. Ma, B. Singh, K. Zhang, and D. Ganguly, et al. 2020. "Aerosols in the E3SM Version 1: New Developments and Their Impacts on Radiative Forcing." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 12, no. 1:Article No. e2019MS001851. PNNL-SA-146124. doi:10.1029/2019MS001851

2019

• Berg L.K., Y. Liu, B. Yang, Y. Qian, J. Olson, M.S. Pekour, and P. Ma, et al. 2019. "Sensitivity of Turbine-Height Wind Speeds to Parameters in Planetary Boundary-Layer Parametrization Used in the Weather Research and Forecasting Model: Extension to Wintertime Conditions." Boundary-Layer Meteorology 170, no. 3:507-518. PNNL-SA-132420. doi:10.1007/s10546-018-0406-y
• Brunke M.A., P. Ma, J. Eyre, P.J. Rasch, A. Sorooshian, and X. Zeng. 2019. "Subtropical marine low stratiform cloud deck spatial errors in the E3SMv1 Atmosphere Model." Geophysical Research Letters 46, no. 21:12,598-12,607. PNNL-SA-148413. doi:10.1029/2019GL084747
• Golaz J., P.M. Caldwell, L. Van Roekel, M.R. Petersen, Q. Tang, J. Wolfe, and G.W. Abeshu, et al. 2019. "The DOE E3SM coupled model version 1: Overview and evaluation at standard resolution." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 11, no. 7:2089-2129. PNNL-SA-141816. doi:10.1029/2018MS001603
• Harrop B.E., P. Ma, P.J. Rasch, Y. Qian, G. Lin, and C. Hannay. 2019. "Understanding Monsoonal Water Cycle Changes in a Warmer Climate in E3SMv1 Using a Normalized Gross Moist Stability Framework." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 124, no. 20:10,826-10,843. PNNL-SA-141744. doi:10.1029/2019JD031443
• Lin G., J. Fan, Z. Feng, W.I. Gustafson, P. Ma, and K. Zhang. 2019. "Can the Multiscale Modeling Framework (MMF) simulate the MCS-associated precipitation over the Central United States?." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 11, no. 12:4669-4686. PNNL-SA-150185. doi:10.1029/2019MS001849
• Mccluskey C.S., P.J. DeMott, P. Ma, and S.M. Burrows. 2019. "Numerical Representations of Marine Ice-Nucleating Particles in Remote Marine Environments Evaluated against Observations." Geophysical Research Letters 46, no. 13:7838-7847. PNNL-SA-140385. doi:10.1029/2018GL081861
• Muelmenstadt J., E. Gryspeerdt, M. Salzmann, P. Ma, D. Sudhakar, and J. Quaas. 2019. "Separating radiative forcing by aerosol-cloud interactions and rapid cloud adjustments in the ECHAM-HAMMOZ aerosol-climate model using the method of partial radiative perturbations." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, no. 24:15415-15429. PNNL-SA-140892. doi:10.5194/acp-19-15415-2019
• Rasch P.J., S. Xie, P. Ma, W. Lin, H. Wang, Q. Tang, and S.M. Burrows, et al. 2019. "An Overview of the Atmospheric Component of the Energy Exascale Earth System Model." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 11, no. 8:2377-2411. PNNL-SA-144927. doi:10.1029/2019MS001629
• Sun J., K. Zhang, H. Wan, P. Ma, Q. Tang, and S. Zhang. 2019. "Impact of nudging strategy on the climate representativeness and hindcast skill of constrained EAMv1 simulations." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 11, no. 12:3911-3933. PNNL-SA-149231. doi:10.1029/2019MS001831
• Zhang Y., S. Xie, W. Lin, S.A. Klein, M. Zelinka, P. Ma, and P.J. Rasch, et al. 2019. "Evaluation of Clouds in Version 1 of E3SM Atmosphere Model with Satellite and Simulators." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 11, no. 5:1253-1268. PNNL-SA-139643. doi:10.1029/2018MS001562
• Zhang Z., H. Song, P. Ma, V. Larson, M. Wang, X. Dong, and J. Wang. 2019. "Subgrid Variations of the Cloud Water and Droplet Number Concentration Over Tropical Ocean: Satellite Observations and Implications for Warm Rain Simulation in Climate Models." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, no. 2:1077-1096. PNNL-SA-136226. doi:10.5194/acp-19-1077-2019

2018

• Burrows S.M., A. Dasgupta, S.M. Reehl, L.M. Bramer, P. Ma, P.J. Rasch, and Y. Qian. 2018. "Characterizing the relative importance assigned to physical variables by climate scientists when assessing atmospheric climate model fidelity." Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 35, no. 9:1101-1113. PNNL-SA-129346. doi:10.1007/s00376-018-7300-x
• Chen Y., H. Wang, B. Singh, P. Ma, P.J. Rasch, and T.C. Bond. 2018. "Investigating the linear dependence of direct and indirect radiative forcing on emission of carbonaceous aerosols in a global climate model." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 123, no. 3:1657-1672. PNNL-SA-126780. doi:10.1002/2017JD027244
• China S., S.M. Burrows, B. Wang, T. Harder, J. Weis, M. Tanarhte, and L.V. Rizzo, et al. 2018. "Fungal spores as a source of sodium salt particles in the Amazon basin." Nature Communications 9. PNNL-SA-130861. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-07066-4
• Fan T., X. Liu, P. Ma, Q. Zhang, Z. Li, Y. Jiang, and F. Zhang, et al. 2018. "Emission or atmospheric processes? An attempt to attribute the source of large bias of aerosols in eastern China simulated by global climate models." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 2:1395-1417. PNNL-SA-130097. doi:10.5194/acp-18-1395-2018
• Harrop B.E., P. Ma, P.J. Rasch, R. Neale, and C. Hannay. 2018. "The Role of Convective Gustiness in Reducing Seasonal Precipitation Biases in the Tropical West Pacific." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 10, no. 4:961-970. PNNL-SA-128772. doi:10.1002/2017MS001157
• Lin G., S.J. Ghan, M. Wang, P. Ma, R.C. Easter, M. Ovchinnikov, and J. Fan, et al. 2018. "Development and evaluation of an explicit treatment of aerosol processes at cloud scale within a multi-scale modeling framework (MMF)." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 10, no. 7:1663-1679. PNNL-SA-136107. doi:10.1029/2018MS001287
• Ma P., P.J. Rasch, H. Chepfer, D. Winker, and S.J. Ghan. 2018. "Observational Constraint on Cloud Susceptibility Weakened by Aerosol Retrieval Limitations." Nature Communications 9, no. 1:2640. PNNL-SA-118058. doi:10.1038/s41467-018-05028-4
• Qian Y., H. Wan, B. Yang, J. Golaz, B.E. Harrop, Z. Hou, and V.E. Larson, et al. 2018. "Parametric Sensitivity and Uncertainty Quantification in the Version 1 of E3SM Atmosphere Model Based on Short Perturbed Parameter Ensemble Simulations." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 123, no. 23:13046-13073. PNNL-SA-138521. doi:10.1029/2018JD028927
• Song H., Z. Zhang, P. Ma, S.J. Ghan, and M. Wang. 2018. "An Evaluation of Marine Boundary Layer Cloud Property Simulations in Community Atmosphere Model Using Satellite Observations: Conventional Sub-grid Parameterizations vs. CLUBB." Journal of Climate 31, no. 6:2299-2320. PNNL-SA-125816. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0277.1
• Song H., Z. Zhang, P. Ma, S.J. Ghan, and M. Wang. 2018. "The Importance of Considering Sub-grid Cloud Variability When Using Satellite Observations to Evaluate the Cloud and Precipitation Simulations in Climate Models." Geoscientific Model Development 11, no. 8:3147-3158. PNNL-SA-135084. doi:10.5194/gmd-11-3147-2018
• Wang H., C.D. Burleyson, P. Ma, J.D. Fast, and P.J. Rasch. 2018. "Using the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Datasets to Evaluate Climate Models in Simulating Diurnal and Seasonal Variations of Tropical Clouds." Journal of Climate 31, no. 8:3301-3325. PNNL-SA-125329. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0362.1
• Wang Y., P. Ma, J. Peng, R. Zhang, J. Jiang, R.C. Easter, and Y. Yung. 2018. "Constraining Aging Processes of Black Carbon in the Community Atmosphere Model Using Environmental Chamber Measurements." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 10, no. 10:2514-2526. PNNL-SA-139085. doi:10.1029/2018MS001387
• Wu M., X. Liu, L. Zhang, C. Wu, Z. Lu, P. Ma, and H. Wang, et al. 2018. "Impacts of Aerosol Dry Deposition on Black Carbon Spatial Distributions and Radiative Effects in the Community Atmosphere Model CAM5." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 10, no. 5:1150-1171. PNNL-SA-129957. doi:10.1029/2017MS001219
• Xie S., W. Lin, P.J. Rasch, P. Ma, R. Neale, V. Larson, and Y. Qian, et al. 2018. "Understanding Cloud and Convective Characteristics in Version 1 of the E3SM Atmosphere Model." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 10, no. 10:2618-2644. PNNL-SA-135860. doi:10.1029/2018MS001350
• Yang Y., H. Wang, S.J. Smith, R. Zhang, S. Lou, Y. Qian, and P. Ma, et al. 2018. "Recent intensification of winter haze in China linked to foreign emissions and meteorology." Scientific Reports 8, no. 1:Article No. 2107. PNNL-SA-128267. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-20437-7
• Zhang K., P.J. Rasch, M. Taylor, H. Wan, L. Leung, P. Ma, and J. Golaz, et al. 2018. "Impact of numerical choices on water conservation in the E3SM Atmosphere Model Version 1 (EAM V1)." Geoscientific Model Development 11, no. 5:1971-1988. PNNL-SA-129738. doi:10.5194/gmd-11-1971-2018
• Zhang R., H. Wang, Q. Fu, A.G. Pendergrass, M. Wang, Y. Yang, and P. Ma, et al. 2018. "Local radiative feedbacks over the Arctic based on observed short-term climate variations." Geophysical Research Letters 45, no. 11:5761-5770. PNNL-SA-132384. doi:10.1029/2018GL077852

2017

• Kassianov E.I., M.S. Pekour, C.J. Flynn, L.K. Berg, J. Beranek, A. Zelenyuk, and C. Zhao, et al. 2017. "Large Contribution of Coarse Mode to Aerosol Microphysical and Optical Properties: Evidence from Ground-based Observations of a Transpacific Dust Outbreak at a High-Elevation North American Site." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 74, no. 5:1431-1443. PNNL-SA-118075. doi:10.1175/JAS-D-16-0256.1
• Wall C.J., D.L. Hartmann, and P. Ma. 2017. "Instantaneous linkages between clouds and large-scale meteorology over the Southern Ocean in observations and a climate model." Journal of Climate 30, no. 23:9455-9474. PNNL-SA-128556. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0156.1
• Yang B., Y. Qian, L.K. Berg, P. Ma, S. Wharton, V. Bulaevskaya, and H. Yan, et al. 2017. "Sensitivity of Turbine-Height Wind Speeds to Parameters in Planetary Boundary-Layer and Surface-Layer Schemes in the Weather Research and Forecasting Model." Boundary-Layer Meteorology 162, no. 1:117-142. PNNL-SA-112272. doi:10.1007/s10546-016-0185-2
• Yang Y., H. Wang, S.J. Smith, P. Ma, and P.J. Rasch. 2017. "Source attribution of black carbon and its direct radiative forcing in China." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, no. 6:4319-4336. PNNL-SA-122611. doi:10.5194/acp-17-4319-2017
• Yang Y., H. Wang, S.J. Smith, R.C. Easter, P. Ma, Y. Qian, and H. Yu, et al. 2017. "Global source attribution of sulfate concentration and direct and indirect radiative forcing." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, no. 14:8903-8922. PNNL-SA-125012. doi:10.5194/acp-17-8903-2017
• Yun Y., J. Fan, H. Xiao, G. Zhang, S.J. Ghan, K. Xu, and P. Ma, et al. 2017. "Assessing the Resolution Adaptability of the Zhang-McFarlane Cumulus Parameterization with Spatial and Temporal Averaging." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 9, no. 7:2753-2770. PNNL-SA-125729. doi:10.1002/2017MS001035
• Zhang Z., X. Dong, B. Xi, B. Xi, H. Song, P. Ma, and S.J. Ghan, et al. 2017. "Intercomparisons of marine boundary layer cloud properties from the ARM CAP-MBL campaign and two MODIS cloud products." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 122, no. 4:2351-2365. PNNL-SA-119327. doi:10.1002/2016JD025763

2016

• Kristiansen N.I., A. Stohl, D.J. Olivie, B. Croft, O.A. Sovde, H. Klein, and T. Christoudias, et al. 2016. "Evaluation of observed and modelled aerosol lifetimes using radioactive tracers of opportunity and an ensemble of 19 global models." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16, no. 5:3525-3561. PNNL-SA-112717. doi:10.5194/acp-16-3525-2016
• Liu X., P. Ma, H. Wang, S. Tilmes, B. Singh, R.C. Easter, and S.J. Ghan, et al. 2016. "Description and Evaluation of a New Four-Mode Version of the Modal Aerosol Module (MAM4) within Version 5.3 of the Community Atmosphere Model." Geoscientific Model Development 9, no. 2:505-522. PNNL-SA-110649. doi:10.5194/gmd-9-505-2016
• Wang Y., P. Ma, J. Jiang, H. Su, and P.J. Rasch. 2016. "Toward reconciling the influence of atmospheric aerosols and greenhouse gases on light precipitation changes in Eastern China." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 121, no. 10:5878-5887. PNNL-SA-114060. doi:10.1002/2016JD024845

2015

• Gustafson W.I., P. Ma, and B. Singh. 2015. "Precipitation characteristics of CAM5 physics at mesoscale resolution during MC3E and the impact of convective timescale choice." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 6, no. 4:1271-1287. PNNL-SA-101950. doi:10.1002/2014ms000334
• Ma H., C.C. Chuang, S.A. Klein, M.H. Lo, Y. Zhang, X. Shaocheng, and P. Ma, et al. 2015. "An improved hindcast approach for evaluation and diagnosis of physical processes in global climate models." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 7, no. 4:1810-1827. PNNL-SA-110968. doi:10.1002/2015MS000490
• Ma P., P.J. Rasch, M. Wang, H. Wang, S.J. Ghan, R.C. Easter, and W.I. Gustafson, et al. 2015. "How Does Increasing Horizontal Resolution in a Global Climate Model Improve the Simulation of Aerosol-Cloud Interactions?." Geophysical Research Letters 42, no. 12:5058-5065. PNNL-SA-109623. doi:10.1002/2015GL064183
• Martini M., W.I. Gustafson, T.A. O'Brien, and P. Ma. 2015. "Evaluation of Tropical Channel Refinement using MPAS-A Aquaplanet Simulations." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 7, no. 3:1351-1367. PNNL-SA-109622. doi:10.1002/2015MS000470
• McCoy D., S.M. Burrows, R. Wood, D.P. Grosvenor, S. Elliott, P. Ma, and P.J. Rasch, et al. 2015. "Natural Aerosols Explain Seasonal and Spatial Patterns of Southern Ocean Cloud Albedo." Science Advances 1, no. 6:Art. No. e1500157. PNNL-SA-106456. doi:10.1126/sciadv.1500157
• Shrivastava M.B., R.C. Easter, X. Liu, A. Zelenyuk, B. Singh, K. Zhang, and P. Ma, et al. 2015. "Global transformation and fate of SOA: Implications of Low Volatility SOA and Gas-Phase Fragmentation Reactions." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 120, no. 9:4169-4195. PNNL-SA-105095. doi:10.1002/2014JD022563
• Tilmes S., J. Lamarque, L. Emmons, D.E. Kinnison, P. Ma, X. Liu, and S.J. Ghan, et al. 2015. "Description and Evaluation of Tropospheric Chemistry and Aerosols in the Community Earth System Model (CESM1.2)." Geoscientific Model Development 8, no. 5:1395-1426. PNNL-SA-107008. doi:10.5194/gmd-8-1395-2015
• Zhang R., H. Wang, D.A. Hegg, Y. Qian, S.J. Doherty, C. Dang, and P. Ma, et al. 2015. "Quantifying sources of black carbon in Western North America using observationally based analysis and an emission tagging technique in the Community Atmosphere Model." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15, no. 22:12805-12822. PNNL-SA-108978. doi:10.5194/acp-15-12805-2015
• Zhang R., H. Wang, Y. Qian, P.J. Rasch, R.C. Easter, P. Ma, and B. Singh, et al. 2015. "Quantifying sources, transport, deposition, and radiative forcing of black carbon over the Himalayas and Tibetan Plateau." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15, no. 11:6205-6223. PNNL-SA-106208. doi:10.5194/acp-15-6205-2015

2014

• Lim K., J. Fan, L. Leung, P. Ma, B. Singh, C. Zhao, and Y. Zhang, et al. 2014. "Investigation of Aerosol Indirect Effects using a Cumulus Microphysics Parameterization in a Regional Climate Model." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 119, no. 2:906-926. PNNL-SA-98519. doi:10.1002/2013JD020958
• Ma P., P.J. Rasch, J.D. Fast, R.C. Easter, W.I. Gustafson, X. Liu, and S.J. Ghan, et al. 2014. "Assessing the CAM5 Physics Suite in the WRF-Chem Model: Implementation, Resolution Sensitivity, and a First Evaluation for a Regional Case Study." Geoscientific Model Development 7, no. 3:755-778. PNNL-SA-98517. doi:10.5194/gmd-7-755-2014
• Vinoj V., P.J. Rasch, H. Wang, J. Yoon, P. Ma, K. Landu, and B. Singh. 2014. "Short-term modulation of Indian summer monsoon rainfall by West Asian dust." Nature Geoscience 7. PNNL-SA-85785. doi:10.1038/NGEO2107
• Wang H., P.J. Rasch, R.C. Easter, B. Singh, R. Zhang, P. Ma, and Y. Qian, et al. 2014. "Using an Explicit Emission Tagging Method in Global Modeling of Source-Receptor Relationships for Black Carbon in the Arctic: Variations, Sources and Transport Pathways." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 119, no. 12:12,888-12,909. PNNL-SA-103903. doi:10.1002/2014JD022297
• Zhang K., H. Wan, X. Liu, S.J. Ghan, G.J. Kooperman, P. Ma, and P.J. Rasch, et al. 2014. "Technical Note: On the Use of Nudging for Aerosol-Climate Model Intercomparison Studies." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 14, no. 16:8631-8645. PNNL-SA-101696. doi:10.5194/acp-14-8631-2014

2013

• Gustafson W.I., P. Ma, H. Xiao, B. Singh, P.J. Rasch, and J.D. Fast. 2013. "The Separate Physics and Dynamics Experiment (SPADE) framework for determining resolution awareness: A case study of microphysics." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 118, no. 16:9258-9276. PNNL-SA-92473. doi:10.1002/jgrd.50711
• Ma P., J.R. Gattiker, X. Liu, and P.J. Rasch. 2013. "A Novel Approach for Determining Source-Receptor Relationships in Model Simulations: A Case Study of Black Carbon Transport in Northern Hemisphere Winter." Environmental Research Letters 8, no. 2:Article No. 02042. PNNL-SA-92957. doi:10.1088/1748-9326/8/2/024042
• Ma P., P.J. Rasch, H. Wang, K. Zhang, R.C. Easter, S. Tilmes, and J.D. Fast, et al. 2013. "The Role of Circulation Features on Black Carbon Transport into the Arctic in the Community Atmosphere Model Version 5 (CAM5)." Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 118, no. 10:4657-4669. PNNL-SA-88828. doi:10.1002/jgrd.50411
• Wang H., R.C. Easter, P.J. Rasch, M. Wang, X. Liu, S.J. Ghan, and Y. Qian, et al. 2013. "Sensitivity of Remote Aerosol Distributions to Representation of Cloud-Aerosol Interactions in a Global Climate Model." Geoscientific Model Development 6, no. 3:765-782. PNNL-SA-87038. doi:10.5194/gmd-6-765-2013
• Zhao C., X. Liu, Y. Qian, J. Yoon, Z. Hou, G. Lin, and S.A. McFarlane, et al. 2013. "A Sensitivity Study of Radiative Fluxes at the Top of Atmosphere to Cloud-Microphysics and Aerosol Parameters in the Community Atmosphere Model CAM5." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 13. PNNL-SA-94914. doi:10.5194/acp-13-10969-2013

2012

• Ma P., K. Zhang, J. Shi, T. Matsui, and A. Arking. 2012. "Direct Radiative Effect of Mineral Dust on the Development of African Easterly Waves in Late Summer, 2003-07." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 51, no. 12:2090-2104. PNNL-SA-82966. doi:10.1175/JAMC-D-11-0215.1
• Yoon J., and P. Ma. 2012. "Ocean General Circulation Models." In Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, edited by RA Meyers. 7365-7381. New York, New York:Springer. PNNL-SA-80499.