Staff information

Research Interests

• Regional and global modeling of atmospheric aerosols, and their direct and indirect effects on global climate
• Sub-scale parameterizations of cloud microphysics, cloud-aerosol interactions, and their applications in the global models

Education and Credentials

• Ph.D. in Atmospheric Science, Nanjing University, P.R., China
• M.S. in Atmospheric Science, Nanjing University, P.R., China
• B.S., (Honors) in Atmospheric Physics, Nanjing University, P.R. China

Affiliations and Professional Service

• Member of American Geophysical Union (AGU)
• Member of American Meteorological Society (AMS)
• Member, Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society

Awards and Recognitions

• World Meteorology Organization (WMO) Young Scientist Award, 2001
• World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Mariolopoulos-Kanaginis Award (Honorable Mention), for papers in the Atmospheric Environmental researches, 1998
• Alexander von Humboldt Research Fellow, 1996
• Elected into “100 Talent Program” of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1995

PNNL Publications

2009

• Liu X, JE Penner, and M Wang. 2009. "Influence of Anthropogenic Sulfate and Black Carbon on Upper Tropospheric Clouds in the NCAR CAM3 Model Coupled to the IMPACT Global Aerosol Model." Journal of Geophysical Research. D. (Atmospheres) 114:Article number: D03204.  doi:10.1029/2008JD010492
• Wang W, and X Liu. 2009. "Evaluating Deep Updraft Formulation in NCAR CAM3 with High-Resolution WRF Simulations During ARM TWP-ICE." Geophysical Research Letters 36:Art. No. L04701.  doi:10.1029/2008GL036692
• Wang W, X Liu, S Xie, J Boyle, and SA McFarlane. 2009. "Testing ice microphysics parameterizations in the NCAR Community Atmospheric Model Version 3 using Tropical Warm Pool-International Cloud Experiment data." Journal of Geophysical Research. D. (Atmospheres) 114:Art. No. D14107.  doi:10.1029/2008JD011220
• Klein SA, R McCoy, H Morrison, A Ackerman, A Avramov, GIJS DeBoer, M Chen, JN Cole, AD DelGenio, M Falk, M Foster, A Fridlind, JC Golaz, T Hashino, JY Harrington, C Hoose, M Khairoutdinov, V Larson, X Liu, Y Luo, G McFarquhar, S Menon, R Neggers, S Park, MR Poellot, JM Schmidt, I Sednev, B Shipway, MD Shupe, D Spangenberg, Y Sud, DD Turner, D Veron, K Von Salzen, GK Walker, Z Wang, A Wolf, S Xie, KM Xu, F Yang, and G Zhang. 2009. "Intercomparison of model simulations of mixed-phase clouds observed during the ARM Mixed-Phase Arctic Cloud Experiment. I: Single layer cloud." Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 135(641 (Pt. B)):979-1002.  doi:10.1002/qj.416
• Morrison H, R McCoy, SA Klein, S Xie, Y Luo, A Avramov, M Chen, JN Cole, M Falk, M Foster, AD Del Genio, JY Harrington, C Hoose, M Khrairoutdinov, V Larson, X Liu, G McFarquhar, MR Poellot, K Von Salzen, B Shipway, MD Shupe, YC Sud, DD Turner, D Veron, GK Walker, Z Wang, A Wolf, KM Xu, F Yang, and G Zhang. 2009. "Intercomparison of model simulations of mixed-phase clouds observed during the ARM Mixed-Phase Arctic Cloud Experiment. II: Multi layered cloud." Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 135(641 Pt. B):1003-1019.  doi:10.1002/qj.415
• Penner JE, Y Chen, M Wang, and X Liu. 2009. "Possible Influence of Anthropogenic Aerosols on Cirrus Clouds and Anthropogenic Forcing." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 9(3):879-896. 
• Wang M, JE Penner, and X Liu. 2009. "The Coupled IMPACT Aerosol and NCAR CAM3 Model: Evaluation of Predicted Aerosol Number and Size Distribution." Journal of Geophysical Research. D. (Atmospheres) 114:Art. No. D06302.  doi:10.1029/2008JD010459

2008

• Xie S, J Boyle, SA Klein, X Liu, and SJ Ghan. 2008. "Simulations of Arctic Mixed-Phase Clouds in Forecasts with CAM3 and AM2 for M-PACE." Journal of Geophysical Research. D. (Atmospheres) 113:Art. No. D04211.  doi:10.1029/2007JD009225

2007

• Liu X, JE Penner, B Das, D Bergmann, JM Rodriguez, S Strahan, and M Wang. 2007. "Uncertainties in global aerosol simulations: Assessment using three meteorological data sets ." Journal of Geophysical Research. D. (Atmospheres) 112:paper no.: D11212.  doi:10.1029/2006JD008216
• Liu X, JE Penner, SJ Ghan, and M Wang. 2007. "Inclusion of Ice Microphysics in the NCAR Community Atmospheric Model Version 3 (CAM3)." Journal of Climate 20(18):4526-4547.  doi:10.1175/JCLI4264.1
• Liu X, S Xie, and SJ Ghan. 2007. "Evaluation of a New Mixed-Phase Cloud Microphysics Parameterization with CAM3 Single-Column Model and M-PACE Observations." Geophysical Research Letters 34:Art. no. L23712.  doi:10.1029/2007GL031446
• Textor C, M Schulz, S Guibert, S Kinne, Y Balkanski, S Bauer, T Berntsen, T Berglen, O Boucher, M Chin, F Dentener, T Diehl, J Feichter, D Fillmore, P Ginoux, S Gong, A Grini, J Hendricks, L Horowitz, P Huang, I Isaksen, T Iversen, S Kloster, D Koch, A Kirkevag, JE Kristjansson, M Krol, A Lauer, JF Lamarque, X Liu, V Montanaro, G Myhre, J Penner, G Pitari, S Reddy, O Seland, P Stier, T Takemura, and X Tie. 2007. "The effect of harmonized emissions on aerosol properties in global models - an AeroCom experiment." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17(17):4489-4501. 
• Weisenstein DK, JE Penner, M Herzog, and X Liu. 2007. "Global 2-D intercomparison of sectional and modal aerosol modules ." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 7(9):2339-2355. 

2006

• Schulz M, C Textor, S Kinne, Y Balkanski, S Bauer, T Berntsen, T Berglen, O Boucher, F Dentener, S Guibert, I Isaksen, T Iversen, D Koch, A Kirkevag, X Liu, V Montanaro, G Myhre, J Penner, G Pitari, O Seland, P Stier, and T Takemura. 2006. "Radiative forcing by aerosols as derived from the AeroCom present-day and pre-industrial simulations ." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 6(12):5225-5246.